Active ingredients technologies

Compressed Tablets. This popular type of dosage form offers convenience, stabiUty, accuracy and precision, and good bioavadabihty of active ingredients. After the best formulation has been estabflshed, compressed tablets can be manufactured at high rates of speed on advanced equipment. Tablets can be made to achieve rapid dmg release or to produce delayed, repeat, or prolonged therapeutic action (Controlled release technology, pharmaceutical). ... 

Acutrim 16 Hour Steady Control Tablets. Acuttim is an appetite suppressant diet aid available without a prescription and marketed by CIBA Consumer Pharmaceuticals. The active ingredient is phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride [154-41 -6] a sympathomimetic amine (see Antiobesity drugs). Acutrim dehvers its dosage at a precisely controlled rate for up to 16 hours. This is achieved through the OROS technology. 

Another technological area that relies on particle adhesion is pharmacology. Consider, for example, an aerosol-dispensed medication. Here, the active ingredient relies on its adhering to inert carrier particles to be dispensed. However, it is crucial that the carrier particles do not adhere to the container walls, or much of the medication would never reach the patient. 

Moreover, new technologies such as LC/MS/MS should be considered and their potential should be recognized in the future. Currently food control laboratories monitor only a part of the pesticides used in their routine work. They prefer active ingredients that can be analyzed by multi-methods or some group-specific methods, because resources to check all relevant pesticides are normally not available. Therefore, many a.i. are monitored only on a case-by-case basis or not at all. An LC/MS multi-residue method, which may be developed in the future, could cover this gap to a large extent. 

Biocatalysis is an emerging and transformational technology uniquely suited to the manufacture of active ingredients in the pharmaceutical and related industries as a result of recent breakthroughs in biotechnology exponential growth in publicly available sequences from the gene... 

Application technology aims at minimum loss during transfer of active ingredient, i.e. entomopathogenic nematodes from the mixing tank to the target insect. Several factors affect the ability to deliver infective juveniles in close proximity to the target... 

In one approach for the controlled delivery of a wide range of active ingredients, including viruses, pursued by Finland s start-up company DelSiTech, the technology is based on a Si02 matrix into which the active ingredient is first embedded followed by dissolution and release on contact with body fluids (Figure 2.8). 

Raw material recovery can be achieved through solvent extraction, steam-stripping, and distillation operations. Dilute streams can be concentrated in evaporators and then recovered. Recently, with the advent of membrane technology, reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) can be used to recover and concentrate active ingredients [14]. 

Ubbink, J., Kruger, J. (2006). Physical approaches for the delivery of active ingredients in foods. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 17, 244-254. 

As reported later in Chapter 9.9 of this book, active-ingredient-containing polymeric micro-particles are widely used in technological and medical applications. For example, these particles are suitable as drug-delivery devices and can control the pharmaceutical release-rate over time. The particle size is absolutely important when dealing with drug-delivery devices. Very small particles can be inhaled, while larger ones can be injected into the blood stream. Therefore, it is important to control the microparticle size in the production. 

Insecticides. The use of iodine-based compounds as insecticides is of minor importance. The active ingredient is Iodofenphos (142). It is formulated to be used in public health and animal husbandry, eg, for cockroach control (see Insect control technology). 

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