Acrylic acid herbicides

Uses. Intermediate in the manufacture of acrylic acid herbicide algicide in pharmaceuticals, perfumes, food supplements, and resins as a warning agent in methyl chloride refrigerating systems... 

In aprotic solvents, the carboxylic acid residues in methacrylic acid and acrylic acid form hydrogen bonds with various basic templates and form non-covalent adducts. These two monomers are being widely used in the current polymer industry, and are available on quite a large scale at low cost. Molecular imprinting with the use of hydrogen bonding between methacrylic acid and atrazine (a herbicide) is described in detail in Chapter 6. 

Using the above-described automated system, several functional monomers have been screened for the development of molecularly imprinted polymers for the herbicides atrazine and ametryn [54]. According to the results, MAA appears to be more effective for developing the affinity in the atrazine-imprinted polymers. In contrast, 2-(trifluo-romethyl)acrylic acid is more effective for ametryn imprinting. 

ORIGIN/INDUSTRY SOURCES/USES pesticides plastics perfumes colloidal forms of metals organic synthesis glycerin acrylic acid esters warning agent in methyl chloride refrigerant military poison mixtures aquatic herbicide liquid fuel algae and aquatic weed control slimicide in paper manufacture... 

Dichloropropionic acid, of importance as a herbicide, can be prepared by the liquid-phase chlorination of the acid at 90-100 C, using selective catalysts such as phosphorus trichloride. jS-chloropropionic acid is made by the hydrochlorination of acrylic acid. ... 

Terbutylazine was another example of a triazine herbicide, which was used for MIP synthesis. In otdet to test the ability of different functional monomers to form strong interactions with terbutylazine, a combinatorial approach was used. Thus, MAA, 2-(trifluoromethyl) acrylic acid (TFMAA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEM), methyl methacrylate (MMA), N-vinyl-a-pytrolidone (NVP) and 4-vinylpytidine (4VP) were used for polymer preparation. In dichloromethane, MAA and TFMAA appeared to be the best monomets able to fotm the terbutilazine-specific functional sites. 

Takeuchi and co-workers (18) coupled combinatorial techniques with molecular imprinted polymers to develop sensors for triazine herbicides. The library consisted of a 7 x 7 array containing different fractions of monomers methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid (TFMAA) with constant concentrations of the imprint molecules ametryn or atrazine. After UV-initiated polymerization, the products from the sensor library were characterized by HPLC measurement of herbicide concentration. The receptor efficiency was observed to vary with monomer type the atrazine receptor efficiency increased with MAA composition and the ametryn receptor was enhanced by increased fractions of TFMAA. Although only monomer concentration was varied in the hbraries, the authors conclude that the CM synthetic approach would be usefiil in analyzing other variables such as solvent, cross-linking agent, and polymerization conditions to produce optimum molecularly imprinted polymer sensors. 

Butanol is used to produce plasticizer-type esters like phthalates, phosphates, sebacates, oleates, and stearates. Two important ester derivatives, n-butyl acetate and n-butyl acrylate, used in the coating are produced from n-butanol. Glycol ether derivatives like ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EB) used in the coating industry is the product of the n-butanol reaction with ethylene oxide in the presence of an acidic catalyst. Other important derivatives of n-butanol include butyl amines and butyl esters used as herbicides, butyl xanthate ore flotation aids, butylated urea, and melamine-formaldehyde resins. 

Uses Emulsifier for agric. toxicants, ind. chlorinated insecticides and herbicidal esters primary emulsifier in emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetates, and vinyl acrylics textile antistet and lubricant cosmetics additive prin-cipai detergent in industrial alkaline deanersfor bottles, laundry, dairy, aircrafL metai, steam, or electrolytic deaning paint and stripping agent solvent cleaner Properties Yel. d. liq. disp. in water sp.gr. 1.05-1.06 acid no. 100-120 (pH 5.5) ... 

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