Acronyms Used

MAPK phosphatase nuclear factor-kappa B protein kinase C 

Hickinson, J. M. Beusmans, D. Lauffenburger and D. de Graaf, IEEE Proc.-Systems Biol., 2006, 153, 457. 

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Bioinformatics is a relatively new discipline that is concerned with the collection, organisatic and analysis of biological data. It is beyond our scope to provide a comprehensive overvie of this discipline a few textbooks and reviews that serve this purpose are now available (s the suggestions for further reading). However, we will discuss some of the main rnethoc that are particularly useful when trying to predict the three-dimensional structure and fum tion of a protein. To help with this. Appendix 10.1 contains a limited selection of some of tf common abbreviations and acronyms used in bioinformatics and Appendix 10.2 lists sorr of the most widely used databases and other resources. 

Provides a glossary of terms that explains the acronyms used in mass spectrometry Includes over 3QQ figures and tables... 

Specific polymers discussed in this chapter and the type of column used for their characterization are summarized in Table 20.1. The polymers are categorized as nonionic, anionic, or cationic. The nomenclature (acronyms) used for the different polymer types are also listed in Table 20.1. 

Membrane reactors are defined here based on their membrane function and catalytic activity in a structured way, predominantly following Sanchez and Tsotsis [2]. The acronym used to define the type of membrane reactor applied at the reactor level can be set up as shown in Figure 10.4. The membrane reactor is abbreviated as MR and is placed at the end of the acronym. Because the word membrane suggests that it is permselective, an N is included in the acronym in case it is nonpermselective. When the membrane is inherently catalytically active, or a thin catalytic film is deposited on top of the membrane, a C (catalytic) is included. When catalytic activity is present besides the membrane, additional letters can be included to indicate the appearance of the catalyst, for example, packed bed (PB) or fluidized bed (FB). In the case of an inert and nonpermselective... 

Figure 10.4 Meaning of acronyms used to define types of membrane reactors at the reactor level. (After [2]).

In Appendix A, for the sake of clarity, we reported some of the acronyms used throughout the text, whereas in Appendix B a brief description of the experimental characterization techniques used for the present work is added. 

Table 4.1. Acronyms used in text for parametrizations for the exchange-correlation (Exc) functional. The acronyms for separate exchange (Ej and correlation (E ) components of A xc are specified when applicable. Throughout the text, density functional calculations following the Kohn-Sham formalism are referred to as DFT(XXX), where XXX stands either for the acronym of the approximate exchange-correlation functional or for the acronyms of the exchange and correlation functionals, separated by the / symbol.

You can see from the acronyms used above that I like to use ones that are easy to remember BLT (bacon, lettuce, and tomato) and TLC (tender loving care). Remember we also discussed the ATV (aU-terrain vehicle) identification method back in Chap. 14. 

Acetone is sold commercially in three grades, USP (99%), CP (99.5%), and technical (99.5%). The terms USP and CP are acronyms used in the trade ar>d stand for U.S. pure and chemical pure. Acetone is shipped in run-of-the-mill tank trucks, in tank cars, and in drums. The hazardous material shipping placard must be displayed for this highly flammable liquid. 

Abbreviations—Includes symbols and acronyms used in drug names as well as directions for use. 

The intention of this section is to provide to the reader a rapid and comprehensive reference for the most common definitions and acronyms used in mass spectrometry. Currently lUPAC has initiated a project to update and extend the definitions of terms related to the field of mass spectrometry. The definitions presented here (Table 1.6) are from the third draft document [16]. For more details and the latest updates, please consult www.msterms.com. 

Note The acronyms used here are OSPED (optical spectroscopy in a pulsed electrical discharge), FAMS (flowing afterglow mass spectrometry), SIFT (selected ion flow tube), TRAPI (time-resolved atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry), PHPMS (pulsed high-pressure ionization mass spectrometry), ICRMS (ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry), and ADO (averaged dipole orientation collision rate theory). 

Rule 1 To define an abbreviation or acronym, use the full term first, followed by the abbreviated form in parentheses ... 

A variety of more advanced, all-electron methods of this type Me available, and are generally referred to as semi-empirical calculations. The acronyms used to name the individual methods are descriptive of the manner in which atomic overlap calculations are performed. Among the more widely used semi-empirical methods are those of complete neglect of differential overlap (CNDO/2) (12), modified intermediate neglect of differential overlap (MINDO/3) (13), and modified neglect of diatomic overlap (MNDO) (14). 

Finally, in order to relate the acronyms for the various techniques to the scattering and emission experiments on which they are based, we present in Table I an indication of the relationship between these acronyms, the type of information which they provide, and the scattering or emission experiment which they designate. The definition of the acronyms is given in Table II. These tables embody only "commonly used" methods. Considerably more extensive lists may be found elsewhere in the literature (1, 5.-9, 20> 30> 36)- Unfortunately, all authors do not use the same acronyms. Therefore Tables I and II are a guide to but not a glossary of the acronyms used in other papers in this symposium. 

TABLE 11.1. Common Acronyms Used to Describe Marine Organic Matter... 

All acronyms used here are included in the Abbreviations and Symbols list following the Preface. 

MRI is based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy which is widely used to deduce the structures of organic molecules. Given the public perception of the word nuclear (nuclear bombs, nuclear waste, etc) this has been dropped from the acronym used for the technique. In NMR spectroscopy a sample... 

A list of acronyms used in this chapter is in an appendix. 

A large number of terms, symbols, and equations were given in this chapter. The equations are gathered together in Table 3, along with a few others that will be introduced in later chapters. As commonly used, some symbols are slightly different for GC and LC, but this should not diminish the value of the table. The Appendix contains a list of symbols and acronyms used in this text. 

Acronym used in text Explicit dependence Energy component Reference... 

Nomenclature the main names and acronyms used in MS/MS are listed below [4,5]... 

Major changes involved the sections 2.4 Quantum mechanics and Quantum chemistry, 2.7 Electromagnetic radiation and 2.12 Chemical kinetics, in order to include physical quantities used in the rapidly developing fields of quantum chemical computations, laser physics and molecular beam scattering. A new section 3.9 on Dimensionless quantities has been added in the present edition, as well as a Subject index and a list of Abbreviations and acronyms used in physical chemistry. 

QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) is an acronym used as the name of a sample preparation procedure, generally based on a combination of solvent extraction of analytes from a sample and dispersive SPE applied for cleaning an extractant. 

Finally, a glossary has been developed to assist the reader define the various terms and acronyms used throughout the handbook. 

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