Acquisition speed

This means an acquisition rate of 64 channels simultaneously, and 128 data channels as 2 frequencies are used. The acquisition speed is 140 points per second for each channel, meaning practically 6 to 12 points per rod mm. Since the method was developed 10 years ago, the processing and analysis time of this amount of information (20 Mbytes average) was long and difficult. 

Frequency-Modulation Spectroscopy. Frequency-modulation spectroscopy (tins) is a high sensitivity null-background infrared technique for measuring absorbances down to 10 with fast acquisition speeds. Fms involves frequency-modulating a laser source at COq to produce a carrier frequency having sidebands at cJq where is an integral multiple of the modulation frequency. Dye lasers and many other single-line sources can... 

Overlap averaging Many of the microprocessor-based vibration monitoring systems offer the ability to increase their data-acquisition speed. This option is referred to as overlap averaging. 

Mass analyzer Resolving power (xlO3) Mass accuracy (ppm) m z range (upper limit) (xlO3) Acquisition speed (Hz) Linear dynamic range Price... 

Conventional TCSPC equipment has been successfully employed in LSM for fluorescence spectroscopy on discrete microscopic volumes [18, 19] and for fluorescence lifetime imaging at a low acquisition speed [1], The use of conventional TCSPC equipment for imaging results in very long acquisition times, several to many minutes per (time-resolved) image. Importantly, operating the TCSPC detection system at too high detection rates, above 5% of the excitation frequency, results in distortion of the recorded decay curve [20],... 

At present dedicated TCSPC FLIM boards are commercially available. They are compatible with most LSMS and are easily synchronized with the scanning microscope and pulsed laser. These boards, often plug-in cards for PCs, have a lower deadtime than do the conventional TCSPC electronics intended for use in spectroscopy and the memory bottle neck of the histogram-ming memory has been removed [21, 22], Consequently, these dedicated boards provide higher acquisition speeds. 

SPC techniques offer the advantage of low noise detection, providing / -values of 1-2 times lower than in analog detection. Although this can in principle result in four times faster acquisition speed this gain in speed is not realized in practice. In SPC, the comparatively high dead-times of detectors and electronics limits the acquisition speed. SPC system should be operated at count rates below the inverse of the dead-time of the system (electronics... 

Because of the low timing-jitter (down to 25 ps) TCSPC-based systems are often equipped with a MCP-PMT at detriment of acquisition speed (<106 counts per second). On the other hand, a TG-SPC system equipped with four gates and a fast PMT (10 MHz) could be slower than a TCSPC at low count-rates (<100 kHz), because of a lower photon-economy. However, already at 1 MHz, the former would be almost three times faster and more the one order of magnitude faster at 10 MHz. 

Esposito, A., Gerritsen, H. C. and Wouters, F. S. (2007a). Optimizing frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime sensing for high-throughput applications photon economy and acquisition speed. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 24, 3261-73. 

Emission ratio imaging is extremely popular due to its simplicity and speed. In essence, cells expressing donors and acceptors are illuminated at the donor wavelength and fluorescence intensity data are collected both at donor (D) and at acceptor (S) channels. Collected data may be either images, or, in case high acquisition speed is crucial and spatial information is not required, dualchannel photometer readings (see Textbox 1). S and D are not overlap-corrected and FRET is simply expressed as the ratio of intensities1 as ratio = S/D. 

Larson, J. M. (2006). The Nikon Clsi combines high spectral resolution, high sensitivity, and high acquisition speed. Cytometry A 69, 825-34. 

The acquisition speed is, as for the FTICR, resolution dependent. With Thermo Fischer Scientific s orbitrap the desired mass resolving power can be selected. With the lowest setting (7500 FWHM) the acquisition time for one ion injection is 0.3 s and with the highest setting (100,000 FWHM) it is 1.9 s. 

In general, the acquisition speed of an MR image may be improved by two basic methods 8... 

Nearly all imaging techniques would be greatly enhanced by increased data acquisition speeds. Furthermore, on-line analysis capabilities would improve the efficiency of imaging by allowing more directed investigations of samples. 

As we have seen, conventional spin echo imaging (Section II.E) typically takes approximately a few minutes because an independent r.f. excitation is required for acquisition of each row of k-space data. Hence, sampling of the complete raster is limited by the repetition/recycle time of the pulse sequence used, which in turn is governed by the inherent 7) relaxation time(s) of the system under study. In general, the acquisition speed of an MR image may be improved by two basic methods ... 

Gauge with cold cathode towards numerical oscilloscope (acquisition speed 5 ns)... 

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