Acidity with nitric acid

Both (-l-)-glucose and (-l-)-mannose were oxidized to optically active aldaric acids with nitric acid. 

Determination of bismuth as oxyiodide Discussion. The cold bismuth solution, weakly acid with nitric acid, is treated with an excess of potassium iodide when Bil3 and some K[BiI4] are formed ... 

Procedure. The cold bismuth nitrate solution, containing 0.1-0.15 g of Bi (Note 1), must be slightly acid with nitric acid (Note 2), and occupy a volume of about 20 mL. Add finely powdered solid potassium iodide, slowly and with stirring, until the supernatant liquid above the black precipitate of bismuth tri-iodide is just coloured yellow (due to K[BiI4]). Dilute to 200mL with boiling water, and boil for a few minutes. The black tri-iodide is converted into... 

Alternatively, treat the chlorate solution with excess of sulphur dioxide, boil the solution to remove the excess of the gas, render slightly acid with nitric acid, and precipitate the silver chloride as above. 

A novel, mild system for the direct nitration of calixarenes has been developed using potassium nitrate and aluminum chloride at low temperature. The side products of decomposition formed under conventional conditions are not observed in this system, and the p-nitro-calixarenes are isolated in 75-89% yields.17 Such Friedel-Crafts-type nitration using nitryl chloride and aluminum chloride affords a convenient system for aromatic nitration.18 Nitryl chloride was previously prepared either by the oxidation of nitrosyl chloride or by the reaction of chlorosulfonic acid with nitric acid. However, these procedures are inconvenient and dangerous. Recently, a mixture of sodium nitrate and trimethysilyl chloride (TMSC1) has been developed as a convenient method for the in situ generation of nitryl chloride (Eq. 2.6). 

Alloxantin has been obtained by the oxidation of uric acid with nitric acid, followed by reduction with hydrogen sulfide 2 by oxidation of uric acid with potassium chlorate, followed by reduction with stannous chloride by condensation of alloxan with dialuric acid in aqueous solution and by oxidation of dialuric acid. ... 

Alloxan has been prepared by slow oxidation of alloxantin with nitric acid at room temperature by direct oxidation of uric acid with nitric acid and by oxidation of uric add with... 

In the reaction of sulfuric acid with nitric acid, the nitronium ion, N02+, is generated,... 

Treatment of some carboxylic acids with nitric acid is a route to em-dinitroalkanes, as in the case of tyo-butyric acid (103), which undergoes nitration-decarboxylation on treatment with... 

It is prepd by nitrating 2,4,6-Tribromo-3-hydroxy-benzoic acid with nitric acid and neutralizing with Ca-hydroxide (Ref 1)... 

N 7.65% no props are reported. Can be prepd by nitrating fury l-)S-a cry lie acid with nitric acid in Ac20... 

N 21.87% ndls (from ale + water), mp 130° (dec) mod sol in ale, acet acid eth si sol in w was obtd by reaction of 5 amino-p-xylol-2-sulfonic acid with nitric acid at 5°, in addn to a product 3,5-dinitro-p-xylol-2-diazonium nitrate... 

Can be prepd by treating 4-aminotoluene-sulfonic acid with nitric acid(d 1=48) at —5°. orms salts, such as AgC7H5N406... 

Yel crysts(from benz), mp 02°, defer violently when heated above its mp. Easily sol in ale, eth benz. Can be prepd by treating 6-amino-toluene sulfonic acid with nitric acid(d 1.51) at —10° to 0°. It forms salts, such as AgC7... 

To characterize the properties of the product obtained by esterifying celluronic acid with nitric acid, Rogovin, Treyvas and Shorygina [64] have reported the following numerical data, collected in Table 86. 

Quantitative Determination. — This may be carried out either gravimetrically by precipitating the silver by means of hydrochloric acid from a boiling solution slightly acid with nitric acid or the determination may be made volumetrically according to Gay-Lussac s method, which is used in all the laboratories of the German mints. 

Salts of 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate have been prepared by the oxidation of 2-amino-i-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid with nitric acid,2 or by the oxidation of the more readily available i-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid with the same reagent.3,4 5... 

NilTobenzamido) 2,3,5-trinitro-anisole, ndls(from MNB), mp 247° sol in hot AcOH, ale or acet insol in benz or Iigroin. Can be prepd by heating p-aniside of 3-nitrobenzoic acid with nitric acid(d 1.52) or by other methods. Its expl props were not detd (Refs 1 2) 4 (4 -Nitrobenzamido)-2,3,5 trinitro-aniso e, ndls(from 40% AcOH), mp 253° sol in acet sol in HNOs(d 1.4) diffc sol in ale. Can be prepd by heating the p-aniside of 4-nitrobenzoic acid with nitric acid(d 1.52). Its expl props were not detd... 

Although glucose has some of the properties expected of an aldehyde, it lacks others. For example, it forms certain carbonyl derivatives (e.g., oxime and cyanohydrin), and can be reduced to the hexahydroxyhexane (sorbitol), and oxidized with bromine to gluconic acid (a monocarboxylic acid). (With nitric acid, oxidation proceeds further to give the dicarboxylic acid, D-glucaric acid.)... 

In the presence of sodium hydroxide, carbonates or oxalates, the reaction takes place at 360° and to a greater extent. (C., 1903, II, 777 1905, II., 367.) Oxidation of formic acid with nitric acid similarly yields oxalic acid. (B., 17, 9.)... 

Chemetics has developed a process for treating spent alkylation sulfuric acid with nitric acid to produce a sulfuric acid that can be used to acidulate phosphate rock, the major use for sulfuric acid. The organic contaminants are converted to carbon particles that are removed with the gypsum on filtration of the phosphoric acid. Special alloys are used in the fabrication of the acid reactor. Topsoe developed and, by the year 2005 had built, more than 45 Wet Sulfuric Acid (WSA) process units. This process is especially suited for... 

The explosive power of picric acid is somewhat superior to that of -> TNT, both as regards the strength and the detonation velocity. Picric acid is prepared by dissolving phenol in sulfuric acid and subsequent nitration of the resulting phenoldisulfonic acid with nitric acid or by further nitration of dinitrophenol (prepared from dinitrochlorobenzene). The crude product is purified by washing in water. 

Place a drop of the test solution (slightly acid with nitric acid) on a spot plate and add a drop of a 5 per cent solution of anthranilic acid in alcohol. A blackish-blue precipitate appears, which rapidly passes into a soluble product and colours the solution brown. 

There were experiments prior to this working in the same area. In 1771 Woulfe treated indigo with nitric acid and discovered a yellow substance that dyed wool and silk. In 1779 Welter nitrated silk in another version of the same experiment. Both chemists had made picric acid, but without knowing it. In 1776 Scheele treated uric acid with nitric acid and evaporated the contents of the reaction. The reddish residue that appeared could dye skin. Scheele named it purpuric acid. In 1818 Proust prepared mureside from this. These experiments were not fully understood, but they were an unconscious groping towards the synthesizing of colour. 

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