Acetic acid immersion test

Test Method GE Plastics Test Method (T-77)/Acetic Acid Immersion Test, ASTM 1939... 

The analgesic effect of the EO of C. citratus Stapf. and Eucalyptus citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill and L.A.S. Johnson (Myrtaceae) was tested using tail immersion test. The tails of Wistar rats were kept in hot water (50°C). Animals treated with EOs were able to keep their tails longer in the hot water bath than untreated rats. The results showed that E. citriodora EO was more effective than the EO of C. citratus (Gbenou et al., 2013). The EO of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum (Myrtaceae) at concentrations of 60,200, and 600 mg/kg exhibited potent antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid writhing test (de Paula et al., 2012)... 

A useful spot test utilizes the fact that a suspension of red nickel dimethylglyoxime in water when treated with a neutral or acetic acid solution of a palladium salt yields the yellow palladium dimethylglyoxime, which is sparingly soluble in dilute acids. The test is best performed with dimethylglyoxime paper the latter is prepared as follows. Immerse drop-reaction paper in a 1 per cent alcoholic solution of dimethylglyoxime, dry, then immerse again in a solution of 05m nickel chloride rendered barely ammoniacal. The nickel complex precipitates wash thoroughly with water, immerse in alcohol and dry. 

Place a drop of the neutral or acetic acid test solution upon nickel dimethylglyoxime paper, and almost dry by waving over a flame. Immerse the paper in dilute hydrochloric acid until the surface surrounding the fleck becomes white, and then wash the paper with cold water. A pink to red spot remains, depending upon the quantity of palladium present. The acid-stable palladium dimethylglyoxime at the site of the fleck protects the underlying red nickel dimethylglyoxime from attack by the acid. 

The dyed material is sewn between two pieces of doth of the same fibre. The test solution contains 1 g of sodium chlorite (80 per cent) per litre and, before the test, sufficient acetic acid is added to bring the pH to 3 5. The specimen is wetted out in the solution and subsequently immersed in it at 80 2°C (176 4 F) for 1 hour, using a liquor ratioof 50 1. The sample is then washed in cold running water for 10 minutes and dried at a temperature below 60 C (140 F). 

Corrosion rates of sintered steels have been reported for immersion testing in nitric [/3], sulforic [14-16], and acetic [17] acids. Compared to their wrought counterparts, the P/M parts exhibited much greater weight losses. In a more recent study, the authors reported a hydrogen sintered Nb-stabUized 444L stainless steel that was fully resistant in 2 % H2SO4 [/ ]. 

It must be noted that all the materials exhibit very good chemical durability. The weight loss of the glass-ceramics following immersion in 4% acetic acid (80°C, 16 h) was established according to ISO standards (see Table 4-19). In vitro wear tests have shown that this glass-ceramic is similar in wear to natural tooth structure (Sorensen et al., 1999). Section 4.4.2.6.C. describes the special optical characteristics, which can be achieved with additional assorted materials. Their use in the finished product is discussed. 

Procedure. Filter paper is impregnated with a saturated alcoholic solution of alizarin, or with a solution of quinalizarin in a mixture of pyridine and acetone. A drop of the test solution is placed on the dried paper. The test solution should be neutral or slightly acid with acetic acid. The moist fieck is held over ammonia and then immersed in a saturated aqueous solution of boric acid. The violet ammonium alizarinate or quinalizarinate decomposes, and the red or violet indium lake is easy to see against the yellow or red paper. 

The paper is immersed in a mixture of a 2 % NagCOs solution and a 0.1 % quinalizarin solution and dried. It is moistened and applied to the test surface for 5 minutes, removed and treated with 10 % acetic acid. A wine-red color is produced where it has been in contact with aluminmn. Other areas are yellow. 

Acetic Acid 2.5M 212 100 - - -E immersed aeration lab test 41.6 days... 

Acetic Acid 10 214 101 G - - E immersed, comparison of heat transfer cortditions with simple immersion test. Corrodent renewed every 48 hrs., total time 95 hrs. 

Immersions of polymer microtensile specimens in solutions of metal ions or lipid emulsions at elevated temperatures for 16 weeks have been reported [32]. Temperatures of 37, 70, and 90°C are recommended with sampling monthly to establish trends. For pacemaker leads, the solutions should include all the metals found within the device, a base, and an acid. For example, aqueous solutions of 1 M AgNOs or 0.1 M C0CI2 (acetylacetanoate) can assess oxidation. Immersion in 1 N acetic acid. Ringer s solution, and 1.0 N HCl can assess hydrolytic resistance. Immersion in 20% intralipid (soybean) emulsion can assess the propensity to absorb lipids. However, in our experience, none of the above in vitro tests appear to be reliably predictive of performance in pacemaker lead insulation. Why The in vivo environment cannot be duplicated in vitro. For example, the oxidation state of an ion varies as a function of what it is dissolved in. Distilled water containing a metal ion does not represent the environment within a lead. This accelerated test predicts that Ag+ will oxidize and degrade polyether polyurethanes while Co will not. Multiple in vivo studies clearly demonstrate exactly the opposite [14, 33]. Traces of cobalt will degrade the polymer in vivo whereas silver will not. 

Procedure Formamide (70 mg) is mixed in a 5-ml micro test tube with 2 ml of a 5% xanthydrol solution in glacial acetic acid and the tube is immersed in a water bath at 80 °C for 20 min. It is then allowed to cool in a refrigerator for 20 min and the product separated is filtered under suction on a filtration tube. Yield, 0.13 g mp, 184—187 °C. After crystallization from 4 ml of 70% dioxane the product (0.10 g) melted at 183 to 185 °C. If the product does not separate after prolonged standing in the refrigerator, the mixture should be diluted with a few drops of water. 

Procedure Phenylhydrazine ( 200 mg) in a 10-ml test tube is mixed with 0.12 ml of glacial acetic acid and 50 mg of sodium acetate, and 100 mg of glucose dissolved in 4 ml of water are added to this mixture. The test tube is immersed into a boiling water bath for 30 min, 1 ml of water is added, and the mixture is allowed to cool in a refrigerator. The separated osazone is filtered on a filtration tube, washed with 1 ml of 5% acetic acid and 1 ml of water, and dried in a stream of dry air. Yield, 0.1 g mp, 208—209 °C. For crystallization the product is dissolved in 15 ml of hot methanol, and water is then added dropwise to the solution to incipient turbidity. The mixture is then heated and allowed to crystallize (85 mg mp, 208 °C). 

Continuous immersion test for 7000 series (aluminum-zinc-magnesium) alloys (Ref 36) aqueous solution containing 3% NaCl, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide (30%), 100 m/L 1 N sodium hydroxide, and 20 m/L acetic acid (100%) pH 4.0... 

Many optical glasses are much less resistant to attack than are container and window glasses, and less severe tests are necessary. A commonly used method is to immerse specimens in either dilute nitric acid or standard acetate solution of pH 4-6 for specified periods at room temperature, then to examine the surfaces either visually or by interferometry. 

The membrane of the glass electrode is blown on the end of a glass tube. This tube is filled with a solution with a constant pH (acetate buffer, hydrochloric acid) and a reference electrode is placed in this solution (silver chloride or calomel electrodes). During the measurement, this whole system is immersed with another reference electrode into the test solution. The membrane potential of the glass electrode, when the internal and analysed... 

Metal specimens coated with the various blends were immersed in water in an accelerated test to determine the effect of high humidity. Cellulose acetate butyrate blends containing carboxylated polyesters prepared with hexahydroterephthalic acid [H(NPG), T50H(NPG)] were particularly susceptible to moisture and failed the adhesion test after immersion for only 0.5 hour similar blends containing T50I(NPG) extended with dianhydride Via or with PMDA passed the adhesion test after immersion for 16 hours. When coatings on cold-rolled steel of cellulose acetate butyrate (EAB-381-0.5) blends containing 1% of each of the... 

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