Accidents frequency rates

One approach is to compare the risks, calculated from a hazard analysis, with risks that are generally considered acceptable such as, the average risks in the particular industry, and the kind of risks that people accept voluntarily. One measure of the risk to life is the Fatal Accident Frequency Rate (FAFR), defined as the number of deaths per 108 working hours. This is equivalent to the number of deaths in a group of 1000 men over their working lives. The FAFR can be calculated from statistical data for various industries and activities some of the published values are shown in Tables 9.8 and 9.9. Table 9.8 shows the relative position of the chemical industry compared with other industries Table 9.9 gives values for some of the risks that people accept voluntarily. 

Table 1-8 Risk of Death from Various Activities in the United Kingdom, Showing Fatal Accident Frequency Rates ...

The lost time accident frequency rate rose from 2.59 incidents per 200 000 working hours in 1996 to 2.72 in 1997, then fell to 1.75 in 1998. 

Lost time accidents in 1998 there were two lost time accidents, giving rise to a labour accident frequency rate of 0.23 accidents per million hours worked, and a labour accident severity rate of 0.012 work days lost per thousand hours worked. Figures are given each year since 1990. While there is no obvious trend in frequency rates, the severity rate increased to a peak of 0.15 in 1996, and has fallen sharply since then. 

Lost time accidents the only accident frequency rate reported is that for notifiable accidents. This rate fell from 10 accidents per thousand employees in 1994 to 3.3 accidents per thousand employees in 1997. 

Lost-time accident frequency rates 1976 (staff and payroll) ... 

However, during recent years, a positive declining trend of accident frequency rates is visible in the statistics for the construction sector in Finland, thus indicating a positive safety development (see Fig. 1). 

Fig. 1 The trends in accident frequency rates in the construction industry of Finland during the years 2005-2012, presented for all compensated accidents and for of the accidents leading to more than 4 days absence from work (The data are issued by the Federation of Accident Insurance Institutions in Finland)...

Societal risks are usually given as fatal accident frequency rates (FAFRs). The fatal accident frequency rate is defined as the number of fatal injury accidents in a group of 1000 in a working lifetime (10 hours). 

Control measures in use 4. Periodic monitoring 4. Accident frequency rate. 

The output from Stage (c) may be expressed in the form of individual risk or of societal risk. Individual risk is tiie probability of death to an individual within a year (e.g. 1 in 10 per year). Societal risk is the probability of death to a group of people - either employees or members of the general public - within a year (e.g. a risk of 500 or more deaths of 10 per year). Societal risks are usually given as fatal accident frequency rates (FAFRs). The fatal accident frequency rate is defined as the number of fatal injury accidents in a group of 1000 in a working lifetime (10 hours). 

Fatal accident frequency rate Film forming fluoroprotein foam Flameproof... 

During the 1960s accident frequency rates suddenly increased nearly 33%. In response. Congress became actively involved in enacting legislation to place controls on workplace safety. The first federal statnte to include noncoal mines was the 1966 Federal Metal and Nonmetallic Mine Safety Act. The Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 (Public Law 91-173) preceded the Occupa-... 

Measurements of results (injuries/illnesses/and other types of accidents frequency rates)... 

To calculate accident frequency rates for injuries, near-miss accidents, and property damage accidents, you need to know... 

AU accident frequency rate Near-miss frequency rate. 

Not only do base rate numbers change from country to country, but definitions of the types of accidents may also vary from country to country. It is important to know what definitions are being used for such things as lost time, recordables, first aid cases, and others if you are planning to compare accident frequency rates. For example, the definition of a recordable injury and illness in the United States may be different from the definition used in Canada, Latin America, Asia, or the United Kingdom. In areas where no clearly defined definitions exist, the site must develop its own. This is usually what has to take place in cases of property damage and process interruptions. 

First and foremost, management must clearly understand and appreciate what accident frequency rates are and how they should be used. This is done only by educating members of management on safety measurement techniques so they can understand the strengths and weaknesses of results, measurements, causes, and effects. Once they understand the potential and how to interpret and use aU three types of measurements, they wiU be more likely to employ a balanced and professional approach to using accident statistics. 

HGURE 4.1 Univeisal Copper and Metals Mine accident frequency rate control chart... 

Miner s safety performance recognition, circa 1920s 20 The systems model of health and safety management 24 The size of mobile mine equipment continues to increase 27 Simple model of outcomes dependent on culture and systems 32 Statistical control chart with incident rate variation 33 Universal Copper and Metals Mine accident frequency rate control chart 55... 

Management was unsatisfied with the high accident-frequency rate. Change in SHE policy to signal increased management attention to the prevention of accidents. ... 

In using the accident frequency rate (i.e. the number of accidents per one million hours of work) as a key performance indicator, timeliness in detecting changes that affect the accident frequency rate is a concern. This has to do with the fact that accidents are a rare phenomenon. Often, there has to be a significant time lapse before an increase in the accident frequency rate is detectable for use in feedback control. We will come back to this issue in Part IV. 

---