A infrared studies

Tait, S., and Osteryoung, R. A., Infrared study of ambient-temperature chloro-aluminates as a function of melt acidity, Inorg. Chem., 23,4352-4360,1984. 

Valvassori, A. Infrared study on the distribution of propylene units in ethylene-propylene copolymers. J. Polymer Sci. C, 16, 377-385 (1967). 

Zazzera L, Reagen W, Cheng A. Infrared study of process emissions during CjFj/Oj plasma cleaning of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition chambers. J Electrochem Soc. 1997 144 3597-601. 

Morrow B.A., Cody I.A. Infrared studies of reactions on oxide surface 5. Lewis acid sites on dehy-droxylated silica. J. Phys. Chem. 1976 80 1995-1997 Mulfinger H.O. Physical and chemical solubility ofnitrogen in glass melts. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1966 49 462-467... 

Busca, G., Finocchio, E., Lorenzelli, V., Tromhetta, M., and Rossini, S.A. Infrared study of olefin allylic activation on magnesium ferrite and alumina catalysts. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1996, 92, 4687—4693. 

Chem, Z. Lemon, B. J. Huang, S. Swartz, D. J. Peters, J. W. Bagley, K. A. Infrared studies of the co-inhibited form of the Fe-only hydrogenase from Clostridium pasteurianum I examination of its light sensitivity at cryogenic temperatures. Biochemistry. 2002, 41, 2036-2043. 

Xu X, Chen P and Goodman D W 1994 A oomparative study of the ooadsorption of CO and NO on Pd(IOO), Pd (111), and silioa-supported palladium partioles with infrared refleotion-absorption speotrosoopy J. Phys. Chem. 98 9242-6... 

The tliird part is tire interaction between tire tenninal functionality, which in tire case of simple alkane chains is a metliyl group (-CH ), and tire ambient. These surface groups are disordered at room temperature as was experimentally shown by helium atom diffraction and infrared studies in tire case of metliyl-tenninated monolayers [122]. The energy connected witli tliis confonnational disorder is of tire order of some kT. 

Waldman D A, Kolb B U, McCarthy T J and Hsu S L 1988 Infrared study of adsorbed monolayers of poly(styrene-propylene sulphide) (PS-PPS) block copolymers Polym. Mater. Sc/. Eng. 59 326-33... 

Peterson K A, Engholm J R, Rella C W and Sohwettman H A 1997 Piooseoond infrared studies of protein vibrational modes Accelerator-Based Infrared Sources and Applicationseds G P Williams and P Dumas (Bellingham, WA SPIE) pp 149-58 Proc. SPIE vol 3153... 

This is a simplified formula for tartar emetic, for X-ray crystal analysis and infrared studies indicate that the. Sb is a part of the antimonate anion [Sb(OH)4] and forms part of a cyclic system. 

Finally, as far as physicochemical or theoretical studies are concerned, except for a few infrared studies, especially comparative ones on azoles (O, S, Se), little work has been done. This is particularyl true of recent... 

The study of the infrared spectrum of thiazole under various physical states (solid, liquid, vapor, in solution) by Sbrana et al. (202) and a similar study, extended to isotopically labeled molecules, by Davidovics et al. (203, 204), gave the symmetry properties of the main vibrations of the thiazole molecule. More recently, the calculation of the normal modes of vibration of the molecule defined a force field for it and confirmed quantitatively the preceeding assignments (205, 206). 

The cyanine class of dyes is also useful in biological, medical, laser, and electro-optic appHcations. Dyes marketed as Povan [3546-41-6] (5) and Dithiazanine [7187-55-5] (6) are useful anthelmintics, and Indocyanine Green [3599-32-4] (7) is an infrared-absorbing tracer for blood-dilution medical diagnoses. "Stains-AU." is a weU-studied biological stain (8) and Merocyanine 540 s photochemotherapeutic activity is known in some detail (9). Many commercially available red and infrared laser dyes are cyanines (10). 

A critical study has been carried out in order to evaluate the capabilities of Near Infrared spectroscopy for the analysis of commercial pesticide formulations using transmittance measurements. In this sense, it has been evaluated the determination of active ingredients in agrochemical formulations after extraction with an appropriate solvent. 

P. Skinner, M. W. Howard, I. A. Oxton, S. F. A. Ketde, D. B. Powell, and N. Sheppard./ Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2,1203, 1981. Vibrational spectroscopy (infrared) studies of an organometallic compound containing the ethylidyne ligand. 

Values for Ihe gas phase are sirtrilar bin there is a notice-able conlfaction in the cubic crystalline form (in parenlhe-ses). N - N 175 pm (164 pm). N - O 118 pm (117 pm), angle O-N-0 133.7 (126°). In addition, infrared studies on N2O4 isolated in a low-temperature matrix at liquid nitrogen temperature ( - 1%°C) have been interpreted in terms of a twisted... 

The anomalous behavior of quinazoline was first discovered by Albert et who made the surprising observation that 4-methyl-quinazoline 2.5) was a weaker base than quinazoline (pA 3.5). Mason then observed that the ultraviolet spectrum of the quinazoline cation was abnormal but that the spectrum of 4-methylquin-azoline was normal (see Fig. 2). These anomalies led to the suggestion that water adds covalently to the cation of quinazoline to give 12 (R = H). The occurrence and position of hydration were confirmed by a detailed study of the ultraviolet and infrared spectra of the anhydrous and hydrated hydrochlorides and by mild oxidation of the cation to 4(3 )-quinazolinone. Using the rapid-reaction technique (the continuous-flow method), the spectrum of the unstable... 

Many individual compound reports contain infrared spectral information, but there is only one in which detailed analysis appears. The 3-hydroxytriazolopyri-dine 125 used as a catalyst for peptide coupling (Section IV.J) has been studied in the solid and in solution, in association with a crystallographic study, and shown to exist as a dimer in solution (99MI1). 

Recently a definitive study of several isoxazol-5-ones using infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy (Table I) has shown that the balance between the various tautomers is a delicate one and that all three of the structural types can predominate depending upon the nature of the substituents and the conditions of the experiment. However, the hydroxy form is only found when it is stabilized by chelation (i.e., a carbonyl substituent in the 4-position). The other compounds exist in the CH form in nonpolar media increasing polarity of the solvent stabilizes increasing amounts of the more polar NH forms. 

Earlier studies [14,15] clearly reveal that there is a reaction between two polymers and that the extent of reaction depends on the blend ratio. As 50 50 ratio has been found to the optimum (from rheological and infrared studies) ratio for interchain crosslinking, the higher heat of reaction for the NBR-rich blend may be attributed to the cyclization of NBR at higher temperatures. There is an inflection point at 50 50 ratio where maximum interchain crosslinking is expected. Higher viscosity, relaxation time, and stored elastic energy are observed in the preheated blends. A maximum 50-60% of Hypalon in NBR is supposed to be an optimum ratio so far as processibility is concerned. 

Luck, W. A. P. Infrared Studies of Hydrogen Bonding in Pure Liquids and Solutions in Water — a Comprehensive Treatise, (ed. Franks, F.), Vol. 2, chapter 4, New York, Plenum Press 1973... 

The absorption and luminescence spectra of imidazo[ 1,2,4]triazines and related compounds were recorded. The phenyl groups on both the 6-and the 7-positions quenched the luminescence. An acceptor substituent such as CHO in position-7 sharply reduced the luminescence quantum yield (82MI4). A detailed study of the infrared spectra of imidazotriazines was carried out (75T433). 

Figlarz and his co-workers have suggested that the formula Ni(OH)2 nHzO is not the correct one for a - Ni(OH)2 [46, 47]. They studied -Ni(OH)2 materials made by precipitation of the hydroxide by the addition of NH4OH to solutions of various nickel salts. In addition to Ni(N03)2 and NiC03 they used nickel salts with carboxylic anions of various sizes. They found that the interlaminar distance in the a - Ni(OH)2 depended on the nickel salt anion size. For instance, when the nickel adipate was used the interlaminar distance was 13.2A. Infrared studies of a - Ni(OH)2 precipitated from Ni(N03)2 indicated that NO, was incorporated into the hydroxide and was bonded to Ni. They suggested a model based on hydroxide vacancies and proposed a formula Ni(OH)2 tA, B, H20... 

Infrared (IR) investigations can be made on a sample of reactant previously heated to a known extent of reaction (a) and studied in the form of a mull or in an alkali halide disc. An alternative approach is to incorporate the reactant substance in a compact alkali halide disc [287] which is intermittently withdrawn from the reaction vessel for infrared measurements at appropriate intervals. Heated sample holders [288,289] permit repetitive scanning of the spectrum or continuous monitoring of a peak of interest during decomposition. 

However, Pacansky and his coworkers77 studied the degradation of poly(2-methyl-l-pentene sulfone) by electron beams and from infrared studies of the products suggest another mechanism. They claim that S02 was exclusively produced at low doses with no concomitant formation of the olefin. The residual polymer was considered to be essentially pure poly(2-methyl-l-pentene) and this polyolefin underwent depolymerization after further irradiation. However, the high yield of S02 requires the assumption of a chain reaction and it is difficult to think of a chain reaction which will form S02 and no olefin. 

In order to get the pore system of zeolites available for adsorption and catalysis the template molecules have to be removed. This is generally done by calcination in air at temperatures up to 500 °C. A careful study (ref. 12) of the calcination of as-synthesized TPA-containing MFI-type single crystals by infrared spectroscopy and visible light microscopy showed that quat decomposition sets in around 350 °C. Sometimes special techniques are required, e.g. heating in an ammonia atmosphere (ref. 13) in the case of B-MFI (boron instead of aluminum present) to prevent loss of crystallinity of the zeolite during template quat removal. 

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