Yeast, baker brewer

NOTE Literature is not always clear on name of species top or bottom yeast, bakers, brewers or impoverished yeast, nor is it certain that ail were strains of cerevisiae. Wherever possible the original source and type are given. Note on Reactions Attributed to Yeast In the years 1937-1938 many oxidations of steroids were erroneously reported to be car -ried out by yeast (see Ref. V-1047). Later work showed that these reactions were due to species of corynebacteria and flavobacteria which were contaminants in the yeast preparations (see Ref. A-17). A-17 K-457 M-552 M-594 V-1047... 

Bioprocess plants are an essential part of food, fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Use of microorganisms to transform biological materials for production of fermented foods, cheese and chemicals has its antiquity. Bioprocesses have been developed for an enoimous range of commercial products, as listed in Table 1.1. Most of the products originate from relatively cheap raw materials. Production of industrial alcohols and organic solvents is mostly originated from cheap feed stocks. The more expensive and special bioprocesses are in the production of antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. Industrial enzymes and living cells such as baker s yeast and brewer s yeast are also commercial products obtained from bioprocess plants. 

Top yeast = baker s yeast bottom yeast = brewer s yeast. 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bakers yeast—bread Brewers yeast—beer, wine, cider, etc. Enzyme (invertase) Gene expression system Dietary supplement... 

CAS 68876-77-7 977030-39-9 Synonyms Barm Faex Definition Class of microorganism (hemiascomycetes) with unicellular growth form, lack of photosynthetic ability several types are bakers yeast, bakers compressed yeast, active dry yeast, brewers yeast... 

Fermentation Feedstock. Sucrose, in the form of beet or cane molasses, is a fermentation feedstock for production of a variety of organic compounds, including lactic, glutamic, and citric acids, glycerol, and some antibiotics. Lesser amounts of itaconic, aconitic, and kojic acids, as well as acetone and butanol, are also produced (41,51—53). Rum is made by fermentation of cane molasses. Beet and cane molasses are used for production of baker s and brewer s yeast (qv). 

Component Bakers yeast Brewers yeast Candida sp. 

Brewers and bakers dried yeasts are used as dietary supplements. They contribute some protein and trace minerals, and some B vitamins, but no vitamin C, vitamin B 2 or fat-soluble vitamins. The glucose tolerance factor (GTE) of yeast, chromium nicotinate, mediates the effect of insulin. It seems to be important for older persons who caimot synthesize GTE from inorganic dietary chromium. The ceU wall fraction of bakers yeast reduces cholesterol levels in rats fed a hypercholesteremic diet. 

Commercially available yeast extracts are made from brewers yeast, from bakers yeast, from alcohol-grown yeast (C. utilis) and from whey grown yeast (K fragilis). Extracts are used ia fermentation media for productioa of antibiotics, ia cheese starter cultures, and ia the productioa of viaegar. They are also exteasively used ia the food iadustry as condiments to provide savory flavors for soups, gravies and bouillon cubes, and as flavor intensifiers ia cheese products. 

Yeasts A general term for single-ceUed rounded fungi that reproduce by budding. Brewers and bakers yeasts are Saccharomyces cerevisiae therapeutic dried yeast is dried yeast. [NIH]... 

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)/ hexane a-Amylase from brewers yeast and invertase from bakers yeast Enzyme activities in cells entrapped in RMs were high compared to free cells [284]... 

Yeasts, along with the algae, lichens, and other fungi, are known as thallophytes, a term which means they are undifferentiated plants or ones which do not have separate roots, stems, and leaves. Wine yeasts, along with most brewers, distillers, and bakers yeasts, are classed in the genus Saccharomyces or sugar fungus. The classification of yeasts is based on microscopic observation of their shape and forms, the way... 

Property Bakers yeast Brewers yeast Babbit liver Polyporus gigantetis "... 

The degree of polymerization of permethylated mannan, obtained from measurements of osmotic pressure, is 200— 400 units. Values of 350 for bakers yeast mannan and of 450 units for brewers yeast mannan were obtained on the basis of sedimentation and diffusion determinations. 

---