Ecosystem, wetland

A balanced landscape needs waterbodies. These should be designed to have shallow margins to provide the appropriate conditions for wetland planting which, in turn, provide the balanced habitats for a rich wetland ecosystem. 

Zillioux EJ, Porcella DB, Benoit JM. 1993. Mercury cycling and effects in freshwater wetland ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 12 2245-2264. 

DOE. 1996. Radiological bioconcentration factors for aquatic, terrestrial, and wetland ecosystems at the Savannah River Site (U). Savannah River Site. U.S. Department of Energy. WSRC-TR-96-0231. DE-AC09-89SR18035. 

Hall, W.S. and G.W. Pulliam. 1995. As assessment of metals in an estuarine wetlands ecosystem. Arch. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 29 164-173. 

Ahmad, I., M. Pacheco, and M.A. Santos. 2006. Anguilla anguilla L. oxidative stress biomarkers An in situ study of freshwater wetland ecosystem (Pateira de Fermentelos, Portugal). Chemosphere 65 952-962. 

Gosselink, J.G, and Turner, R.E. (1978) The role of hydrology in freshwater wetland ecosystems. In Freshwater Wetlands Ecological Processes and Management Potential (Good, R.E., Whigham, D.F., and Simpson, R.L., eds.), pp. 63-78, Academic Press, New York. 

Fig. 1.1. Seasonal estimates of standing-dead litter of J. effusus (a) and litter-associated fungal biomass (b) at the Talladega Wetland Ecosystem, Alabama. Data from Wetzel and Howe (1999) and Kuehn and Suberkropp (1998a). Vertical lines indicate +1 SE (n = 6).

Moran, M. A., Benner, R. Hodson, R. E. (1989). Kinetics of microbial degradation of vascular plant material in two wetland ecosystems. Oecologia, 79, 158-67. 

Morris,. T. (1991). Effects of nitrogen loading on wetland ecosystems with particular reference to atmospheric deposition. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22, 257-279. 

Rybczyk, J., Garson, G., and Day, J. (1996). Nutrient enrichment and decomposition in wetland ecosystems Models analyses and effects. Curr. Top. Wetland Biogeochem. 2, 52—72. 

Benner R., Morgan M. A., and Hodson R. E. (1985) Effects of pH and plant source on lignocellulose biodegradation rates in two wetland ecosystems, the Okefenokee Swamp and a Georgia salt marsh. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30, 489-499. 

Human activity has substantially increased the hydrologic import of oxidized nitrogen and sulfur into wetland ecosystems. Emissions of sulfur are expected to double over the next 50 years (Rodhe,... 

Restores delta productivity. Restores wetland ecosystems. 

Organic carbon and inorganic carbon are the two major forms present in soil-water-plant components of wetland ecosystem. Carbon cycle in this system can be depicted as a storage of carbon in major reservoirs, which serve as either a source or a sink, and flux between reservoirs (Figure 5.3). The reservoirs of carbon in a wetland can be grouped as follows ... 

Wetlands are characterized by aerobic and anaerobic interfaces in soil and water column and accumulation of organic matter. In wetland ecosystems, the primary productivity often exceeds the rate of decomposition processes, resulting in net accumulation of organic matter. The net accumulation of organic matter is regulated by the activity of various decomposers, including benthic invertebrates, fungi, and bacteria. In a simplistic way, decomposition may be viewed as a three-step process ... 

Organic matter accretion was measured in various wetland ecosystems using this technique as shown in Table 5.6. 

Organic matter accumulation regulates the following key functions in wetland ecosystems ... 

Enzyme research in wetland ecosystems is not as extensively reported as it is for uplands and other aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of the results of various experiments under laboratory and field conditions, Chrost (1991) proposed a conceptual model for the role of microbial ectoenzyme synthesis, control, and activity in aquatic enviromnents. The following general conclusions are drawn on the interaction of algae and microbial communities in transforming HMW-OM into readily utilizable LMW-OM (Eigure 5.23) ... 

The following list presents some of the general findings from the published literature on the effects of temperature on organic matter decomposition in terrestrial and wetland ecosystems ... 

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