Wet washer

Wet washers (including spray Removal of fine dusts down to about... 

Factors Cyclones Wet washers low energy Wet washers high energy Dry electro- static precipi- tators Wet elearo- static precipi- tators Aggre- gate filters Fabric filters Fibrous Filters... 

FIGURE 1.3 Separator— the wet washer — the body 2— the centrifugal injector, 3, 4—basis 5—the guide vane 6— zigzag elements —a connecting pipe 8— an inclined surface. 

Karpenkov, A. F. The dust separation theory in the turbrrlent wet washer. Works KCTU 1970, 45, 40 5, (in Rtrssian). 

Humidification. For wiater operation, or for special process requirements, humidification maybe required (see Simultaneous HEAT and mass transfer). Humidification can be effected by an air washer which employs direct water sprays (see Evaporation). Regulation is maintained by cycling the water sprays or by temperature control of the air or water. Where a large humidification capacity is required, an ejector which direcdy mixes air and water in a no22le may be employed. Steam may be used to power the no22le. Live low pressure steam can also be released directly into the air stream. Capillary-type humidifiers employ wetted porous media to provide extended air and water contact. Pan-type humidifiers are employed where the required capacity is small. A water filled pan is located on one side of the air duct. The water is heated electrically or by steam. The use of steam, however, necessitates additional boiler feed water treatment and may add odors to the air stream. Direct use of steam for humidification also requires careful attention to indoor air quahty. 

Titanium metal is especially utilised ia environments of wet chlorine gas and bleaching solutions, ie, in the chlor—alkaH industry and the pulp and paper industries, where titanium is used as anodes for chlorine production, chlorine—caustic scmbbers, pulp washers, and CI2, CIO2, and HCIO storage and piping equipment (see Alkali and cm ORiNE products Paper Pulp). 

Humidification only Increase in moisture content, specific volume, dry and wet bulb temperature, specific enthalpy, and % saturation Air washer with beared water... 

Sensible cooling on ly Constant moisture content decreased specific volume, dry- and wet-bulb temperature, and specific enthalpy increased % saturation. When point 7 reaches the. 100% saturation line, the air )s saturated further cooling will result in moisture being removed from the air. C ooling coil and washer at dew point... 

Evaporative cooling only Increased moisture content and. ipecific volume decreased dry- and wet-biilb tempera turc increased specific enrhalpy and % saturation Washer... 

Another type of air washer is the capillary air washer see Fig. 9.16. It consists of many thousands of small glass or plastic filaments (cells) providing a large, wetted surface area. These are placed to allow a parallel path of air through them. The surface of each of these strands is covered with the water that is discharged from sprays. 

Washer, air A device for adding moisrure to an air stream by means of spray or capillary action. This term should not be used to relate to any wet cleaning process of a gas or other air stream. 

Due to bypass, a single bank of sprays might achieve 60 per cent saturation and a capillary washer (one where the air passes through a wetted mat) might achieve 95 per cent. 

The main difficulty in operating any gas washer is the wetting of the particles because it is often necessary for the liquid to displace an adsorbed layer of gas. In some cases the gas is sprayed with a mixture of water and oil to facilitate wetting and it may then... 

The above ideal wastewater management, however, is infeasible during wet weather (rains of 3 in./day or 7.6 cm/day are frequent in the tropical climate of Florida), because more water goes into the lagoons than can be used by the washers, and the excess volume must be discharged... 

Normally, the glass plates are cleaned and dried before thermal bonding. In one report, a special microchip washer was designed which allows simultaneous cleaning of the channel and cover plates [138]. In another report, the two glass plates were brought into contact while wet, then the plates were bonded thermally with pressure (50 g/cm2) [105,747]. 

Ceramic materials, including sapphire, have been used extensively in HPLC pumps for more than 20 years as pistons and check valve components. These materials have also been used to construct heads because of their good chemical stability. The use of ceramics is limited, however, because of high cost and brittleness. Although many systems have one material as the primary construction material, the wetted surfaces of a pumping system can contain several other materials. Therefore, for material-sensitive applications, all the materials in the HPLC eluent flow path should be considered. Materials that may be encountered are polymeric materials for pump seals such as fluoropolymers, polypropylene, and Teflon sapphire pump pistons and check valve seats ruby check valve balls Kalrez, KelF, or ceramic washers and spacers polymer-based transducer components and in older systems connections and joints made with silver solder. 

Granulation - the uses of HMX are such, that 6 classes are required Class A to Class F, inclusive - the coarsest crystals being retained on a US Std Sieve No 12 and finest cry stals passing thru a a No 325- The granulation is determined by aid of a mechanical sieve washer and pressure tank, using eth anol sat with HMX or a spray nozzle under water tap pressure, and a 2% solution of a wetting agent such as dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Aerosol-OT)... 

In the brown stock washers, water is used to wash the final pulp in the last filter and the dilution factor (D) used is 4 where the pounds of wash water used per pound of dry pulp in the wet filter product is D plus the amount of water in the wet filter product per pound of dry pulp. 

Note that a total material balance around the brown-stock-washers system shows that the entering stream from the blow unit plus the wash water added at the final filter must equal the weight of wet-pulp product plus the black liquor product. This reduces to a material balance result of tons/day of black liquor to the evaporators = tons/day of stream from blow unit to brown stock washers + (D — lXtons/day of dry pulp in wet-pulp product). 

One way of adding moisture to air is by passing it through water sprays or air washers. See Fig. 4.48a. Normally, the-water used is recirculated rather than wasted. Then, in the steady state, the water is at the adiabatic saturation temperature, which is the same as the wet-bulb... 

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