Wave, electromagnetic

In the early development of the atomic model scientists initially thought that, they could define the sub-atomic particles by the laws of classical physics—that is, they were tiny bits of matter. However, they later discovered that this particle view of the atom could not explain many of the observations that scientists were making. About this time, a model (the quantum mechanical model) that attributed the properties of both matter and waves to particles began to gain favor. This model described the behavior of electrons in terms of waves (electromagnetic radiation). 

Illinger, K.H. "Interaction between Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Systems Molecular Mechanisms", in "Biological Effects and Health Hazards of Microwave Radiation", Proc. Intern. Symposium, Czerski, P. et. al., Eds. (Polish Medical Publishers Warsaw, 1974) p. 160. 

PROBLEM 2.7.5. Show that, both in a dielectric insulator and in a vacuum, a plane-wave electromagnetic field solution propagating along x, whose amplitude depends only on the coordinate x and on the time f, can have no component along x, that is, show that it must be a transverse electric wave [13]. 

Microwave catalysis is a catalytic process performed in the presence of a micro-wave (electromagnetic) field in which the catalyst acts as an energy convertor . It uses microwave irradiation to stimulate catalytic reactions. It is necessary to stress that any sort of electromagnetic or microwave radiation is not itself a catalyst, as has sometimes been erroneously stated [1]. Similarly, it is not correct to say that microwave irradiation catalyzes chemical reactions [1]. The principles of micro-wave catalysis will be described below. 

The analyte directly affects the optical properties of a waveguide, such as evanescent waves (electromagnetic waves generated in the medium outside the optical waveguide when light is reflected from within) or surface plasmons (resonances induced by an evanescent wave in a thin film deposited on a waveguide surface). 

Electromagnetic waves Electromagnetic wave reflection, absorption and transmission coefficients Dielectric properties (permittivity, loss factor), moisture absorption, delamination, geometry, flaw size... 

Like water waves, electromagnetic radiation can be characterized by a wavelength. 

In many applications, electrically conductive plastic compounds are also used for shielding of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic compatibility is becoming increasingly important as electrical systems extend further into daily life. Depending on the field of application the product must fulfil different kinds of marks, such as the CE mark [20]. These aims can be facilitated by electromagnetic shielded enclosures. 

Wireless and Guided Wave Electromagnetics Fundamentals and Applications, Le Nguyen Binh... 

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