Shielding electromagnetic

Certain ECP nanocomposites are used as electromagnetic shielding agents. The efficiency of electromagnetic interference shielding can be enhanced by using ECP/CNM nanocomposites [86,87]. 

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Other Materials. The amount of plastic substrates plated in 1991 for both decorative and electromagnetic shielding apphcations was estimated to be about 4.3-5.4 x 10 (13). 

While the amount of electricity that can be conducted by polymer films and wires is limited, on a weight basis the conductivity is comparable with that of copper. These polymeric conductors are lighter, some are more flexible, and they can be laid down in wires that approach being one-atom thick. They are being used as cathodes and solid electrolytes in batteries, and potential uses include in fuel cells, smart windows, nonlinear optical materials, LEDs, conductive coatings, sensors, electronic displays, and in electromagnetic shielding. 

Examples of conductive ABS polymer composites include electromagnetic shielding materials (56,57) and electrically conductive composite plastic sheets, which may be used for packaging of integrated circuit devices (58,59). 

Lazzeretti and coworkers175 calculated nuclear electric and electromagnetic shielding tensors for 1 and oxirane. These properties are related to atomic polar tensors and atomic axial tensors used by infrared and VCD spectroscopists. The authors demonstrated that they could obtain fairly accurate sum rules for atomic polar tensors and atomic axial tensors with relatively little computational effort. 

T. N. Rudakov, J. H. Flexman, V. T. Mikhaltsevitch, P. A. Hayes, W. P. Chisholm, C. N. Aitken, and J. H. Feldman, Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Scanner for Detecting Explosives in Mail, Has Low Equivalent Series Resistance Switch to Switch Capacitance of Tunable circuit Enclosed by Electromagnetic Shield, US Patent Application No. US2006012366-A1 (2006). 

The addition of an electromagnetic shield to the body of the tip can greatly reduce the stray capacitance. This is particularly useful for fast-scan voltammetry [54] and high frequency impedance experiments [55],... 

When metallic coatings are applied for radio-frequency or electromagnetic shielding electroless copper always is used (its superior electrical conductivity gives excellent performance) but in order to protect the copper against abrasion and corrosion it is necessary to apply a top layer of nickel. 

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