Water-soluble inorganic compounds

Sulfoalkylated naphthol compounds are effective as dispersants in aqueous cement slurries. The compounds can also be applied in an admixture with water-soluble inorganic compounds of chromium to provide additives of increased overall effectiveness. Particularly suitable are sodium chromate or ammonium dichromate. a-Naphthol is reacted in an alkaline aqueous medium with formaldehyde to create condensation products. The aldehyde can be reacted with bisulfite to produce sulfoalkylated products [1404,1410]. 

Let us now examine the methods of light microscope radioautography for organic compounds insoluble in a wide range of polar and nonpolar solvents (13). The reader is referred to the reviews of Roth and Stumpf (14), Williams (15), Eschrich and Fritz (16), Stumpf (17), and Inson and Sheridan (18) for microautoradiography of diffusible or water-soluble inorganic compounds. 

Foster Wheeler Development Corporation (FWDC) has designed a transportable transpiring wall supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) reactor to treat hazardous wastes. As water is subjected to temperatures and pressures above its critical point (374.2°C, 22.1 MPa), it exhibits properties that differ from both liquid water and steam. At the critical point, the liquid and vapor phases of water have the same density. When the critical point is exceeded, hydrogen bonding between water molecules is essentially stopped. Some organic compounds that are normally insoluble in liquid water become completely soluble (miscible in all proportions) in supercritical water. Some water-soluble inorganic compounds, such as salts, become insoluble in supercritical water. 

A wet alkali scrubber is generally employed to scrub acidic impurities from the noncondensable gas stream. The gaseous, water-soluble inorganic compounds are removed by scrubbing the noncondensable pyrolysis gas with an alkaline aqueous stream. In the scrubber, desulphurization and/or denitrogenation and/or dechlorination occurs. Most of the acidic gases such as HCl, SO2, SO3, H2S, etc. resulting from pyrolysis are absorbed in the scrubber. 

A wide class of materials (metals, semiconductors, superconductors, biominerals, water-soluble inorganic and organic compounds, etc.) can be produced using these systems [203-206]. 

Deep desulfurization method of fossil fuels, comprising a first step of HDS and a BDS step for the removal of HDS sulfur refractory compounds, using an effective amount of a biocatalyst. The fuel is incubated in the presence of one or more BDS-active microorganisms, which converts the organic sulfur compounds into water-soluble inorganic sulfur. Then, in a separation stage, the products of the incubation are separated into a deeply desulfurized liquid fossil fuel, and the water-soluble inorganic sulfur. 

The oxidation of organic compounds by water-soluble inorganic oxidants is often made difficult not only by the insolubility of the organic substrate in water, but also by the susceptibility of many of the miscible non-aqueous solvents to oxidation. Solubilization of the ionic oxidant into solvents such as benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane or 1,2-dichlorobenzene, by phase-transfer catalysts obviates these problems, although it has been suggested that dichloromethane should not be used, as it is also susceptible to oxidation [1]. 

Atmospheric particles in the troposphere are composed of a complex mixture of highly water-soluble inorganic salts, insoluble mineral dust, and carbonaceous material (which includes organic compounds plus elemental carbon) (Jacobson et al., 2000). Studies in which the chemical composition has been determined as a function of particle size demonstrate a correlation between the chemical composition and the size mode of atmospheric aerosols (Meszaros et al., 1997 Krivacsy and Molnar, 1998 Alves et al.,2000 Maenhaut et al.,2002 Smolik et al., 2003 Samara andVoutsa, 2005). 

An important feature of these results concerns the sulfur content. A large part of the sulfur accompanies the basic fraction. This fact could reasonably be explained by the presence of components containing the thiazole ring (probably as benzothiazoles). Furthermore, comparison of the sulfur content of the bases and the nonbasic residues with that of the original material shows a net decrease. This may, in fact, be attributable to the removal of water-soluble inorganic sulfur compounds during the precipitation procedure. 

The water soluble inorganic calcium compounds, most commonly bicarbonate, Ca(HC03)2, leaches permanently to river waters and finally migrates to the ocean. This bicarbonate forms in the reactions of calcium carbonate with carbonic acid. 

Dalapon is a small, water-soluble aliphatic compound that is completely degraded to inorganic compounds (is mineralized) by microorganisms in soil, probably after some adaptation of the microflora. 

In some types of carbon, a normally soluble inorganic compound is bonded to the carbon in the form of an ion exchanger—usually an anion exchanger. This behavior is illustrated by the data in Table 15 3. Carbon JJ was thoroughly washed with water and then... 

Coagulation - This is a process for separation of PTFE (polytetrafiuoroethylene) solids from its dispersion. The emulsion or dispersion containing this polymer (dispersion polymerization) has to be broken (destabilized) in order to cause precipitation of PTFE particles. Dilution to reduce solids concentration below 20%, addition of water-soluble organic compounds, and addition of soluble inorganic salts are the common techniques used to break PTFE emulsions. 

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