Wash test

The over-washing test is performed on holes perforate reference block defined in standard NFA 09.521 and permits the evaluation of the resistance to over-washing of penetrants (see figure 2, annex 1). 

The sensitivity test on nickel-chromium test blocks show that products which give bad results to over washing tests generally do not give good results to sensitivity tests. 

Wash primers Wash test WASPALOY Wasserglass Wassermann antigen Waste... 

Other classification techniques have been developed which provide some insight on fiber lengths, typically the Ro-Tap test, the Suter-Webb Comb, and the Wash test. 

The acid wash test consists of shaking a mixture of 96% sulfuric acid with benzene and comparing the color of the (lower) acid layer with a set of color standards. Other quaUtative tests include those for SO2 and H2S determination. The copper strip corrosion test indicates the presence of acidic or corrosive sulfur impurities. The test for thiophene is colorimetric. 

In cake-washing tests, it is important that the feed sluriy hquid be analyzed for total dissolved sohds and density as well as the reference constituent. 

The addition of an ester sulfonate of an unsaturated fatty acid improves the rinsing properties in washing tests. A mixture of 50% sodium methyl a-sulfostearate and 50% sodium salt of sulfonated methyl oleate (30 70 mono-sulfonate/polysulfonate ratio) was used [83]. 

Monoamidotriphosphate compounds have been evaluated for their combined detergent-sequestrant action [65,66]. Good surfactant properties are also attributed to organoaminodialkylenephosphonic acids. Typical compounds of this kind are the tetra- and trialkali salts of decyl-, dodecyl-, and tetradecylaminodi (methylphosphonate). Values of surface tension and detergency are given in Refs. 118 and 216-219. Wash test results, foam behavior, wetting performance, and surface tensions of aqueous solutions of phosphate esters have been tabulated [12,17,18,33,37,50,52,56,90,220]. 

A number of wash tests were carried out which proved that certain LSDAs had the ability to potentiate the detergency of soap [24]. Detergency measurements were carried out using standard soiled cloths in 300 ppm water in the Tergo-... 

Apples. The Rome Beauty apples used in the wash tests were sampled from trees that had received varying amounts of DDT mixtures in as many as six cover sprays. Duplicate or triplicate samples of 30 apples each were taken at random for the residue analyses from the fruit passed through each experimental wash mixture. Additional lots of 30 washed apples each were placed in cold storage for subsequent examinations. Unless otherwise indicated, all washing tests were run in a flood-type washer of recent design (a BADD washer with a heated prewash tank unit, an unheated main tank unit, a water rinse tank unit, and a velour roller dryer unit, manufactured by the Bean-Cutler Division, Food Machinery Corporation, San Jose, Calif.). Surface deposits of DDT were determined as described (10, 12) on samples taken just before and immediately after the washing treatments. 

DDT on Pears. Early experiments indicated that the conventional hydrochloric acid bath, as used for the removal of lead arsenate residues, afforded partial DDT residue removal by virtue of mechanical action only—for example, a surface residue of 1.0 p.p.m. was reduced to 0.6 p.p.m. by such treatment, but the residue in the calyx only was untouched (15 p.p.m., fresh weight of calyx only). Supplemental wash tests with other materials afforded the residue data collected in Table II. 

Table II. Wash Tests for Removal of DDT Surface Residues from Bartlett Pears...

Further wash tests with apples and pears have not been extensive because the magnitudes of typical DDT harvest residues suggest that no appreciable difficulty will be encountered in bringing fruits sprayed with the lower dosages under the provisional tolerance for DDT residues on these fruits. 

Washing tests for these trials were made in a flood-type washer with one wash and one rinse chamber. The results presented in Tables III and IV suggest that parathion residues (from wettable powders) are not readily removed with the materials and equipment employed support is thus secured for the authors contention that with many substrates parathion residues are actually subsurface and exist in situ in close association with the oily and waxy constituents of the plants. 

Table 12.22 Effects of various washing-off sequences on the rate of desorption of dye in successive washing baths and the degree of staining of adjacent material in washing tests [181]...

DIN 54 010 - 54 014 Bestimmung der Waschechtheit von Farbungen und Drucken. ISO 105-C03-1989 Textiles for colour fastness, Part C03 Colour fastness to washing Test 3. ISO 105-C04-1989, Part C04 Colour fastness to washing Test 4. 

EDDS and the three phosphonates were also compared for stain removal and dye damage in a full wash test in a washing machine using the same synthetic hard water. The results are summarized in Table 10.6 and showed that EDDS and DTPMP were comparable on stain removal followed by EDTMP, whereas HEDP gave very poor stain removal. On dye protection, EDDS clearly protected dyes better than DTPMP and EDTMP, whereas HEDP use resulted in significant amounts of dye damage. 

Other biodegradable chelants were not taken to wash testing following the peracid screening results. 

In these experiments, various types of washing tests were applied for studying the effectiveness of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in both hard... 

Additional washing tests with the peptone-poisoned catalysts showed a similar relationship. As seen in Fig. 15, the washed catalysts showed greatly improved activity compared to the result initially with the peptone-contaminated environment. It appears that the water washing of the catalyst improved the activity equivalent to an order of magnitude reduction in the peptone contamination. However, in this case, there is not a total recovery of catalyst activity to the precontaminated state. This recovery of activity indicates that a significant portion of the catalyst deactivation... 

Lukacovic, M., Dunlap, F., Michaels, S., Vissher, M., and Watson, D., Forearm wash test to evaluate the clinical mildness of cleansing products. J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 39 355-366, 1988. 

Strube, D., Koontz, S., Murahata, R., and Theiler, R., The flex wash test a method for evaluating the mildness of personal washing products. J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 40 297-306, 1989. 

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