Volumetric quantities, calculation

Label volumetric quantities only if they are given in the problem statement or you are asked to calculate them. You will write mass or mole balances, but not volume balances. 

The slurry occupies 70% of the total tank volume and the head space occupies the remaining 30%. The mean residence time of the slurry in the lank (which equals the volume of the slurry in the tank divided by the volumetric flow rate of the stream leaving the tank) is 12 minutes. Use this information, the quantities calculated in Problem 12.9, and the specific volume data given below to estimate the volume (m ) of slurry in the tank, the head space volume, and the total tank volume. 

Terminology and nomenclature pertinent to psychrometry are given below. There is often considerable confusion between dry and wet basis, and between mass, molar, and volumetric quantities, in both definitions and calculations. Dry- and wet-basis humidity are similar at ambient conditions but can differ significantly at elevated humidities, e.g., in dryer exhaust streams. Complete interconversion formulas between four key humidity parameters are given in Table 12-1 for the air-water system and in Table 12-2 for a general gas-vapor system. 

The densities and volumetric heat capacities of the binary systems, which are required for the calculation of the transfer functions, were measured at the same time as those of the ternary systems. The derived apparent molar quantities of the binaries were In excellent agreement with those In the literature (11,16). 

Fig. 14-5. Effects of errors in equilibrium ratios on the calculated quantity of liquid of a black oil at reservoir conditions. (Standing, Volumetric and Phase Behavior of oil Field Hydrocarbon Systems, SPE, Dallas, 1951. Copyright 1951 SPE-AIME.

Procedure After 2 h, remove each sample from the basket, and quantitatively transfer into separate volumetric flasks to obtain a solution having a final concentration of about 0.2 mg/ml. Proceed as directed for the Assay preparation in the Assay, starting with "Add about 50 ml of Diluent. Calculate the quantity, in mg, of omeprazole (C17H19N3O3S) dissolved in the Medium by the formula ... 

The flow rate through the extruder, the pressure profile along the screw, and the power consumption are the main quantities of interest for design, and these are calculated nextfrom the velocity profile. The net volumetric flow rate Q is obtained by integrating Eq. 6.3-17 across the channel... 

A residual blank titration may be stipulated in assays and tests involving a back titration in which a volume of a volumetric solution larger than is required to react with the sample is added, and the excess of this solution is then titrated with a second volumetric solution. Where a residual blank titration is specified or where the procedure involves such a titration, a blank is run as directed in the preceding paragraph. The volume of the titrant consumed in the back titration is then subtracted from the volume required for the blank. The difference between the two, equivalent to the actual volume consumed by the sample, is the corrected volume of the volumetric solution to be used in calculating the quantity of the substance being determined. 

Assay Transfer about 500 mg of sample, accurately weighed, into a 1000-mL volumetric flask, dissolve in and dilute to volume with 0.01 N hydrochloric acid, and mix. Transfer 10.0 mL of this solution into a 250-mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with 0.01 N hydrochloric acid, and mix. Using a suitable spectrophotometer and 0.01 N hydrochloric acid as the blank, determine the absorbance of this solution and of a similarly prepared solution of USP Disodium Guanylate Reference Standard, at a concentration of 20 p,g/ mL, in 1-cm cells, at the maximum at about 260 nm. Calculate the quantity, in milligrams, of C10H12N5Na2O8P in the sample taken by the formula... 

The selectivity of 2 ( 2,1) at these conditions is given by Eq.(3). The quantity ni P) in the above equation is the pure component amount adsorbed for gas 1 at total column pressure P. Experimental measurements are required for 1 (obtained from the infinite dilution system) and data for pure component isotherm (obtained independently using a volumetric technique) to calculate selectivity (LHS of Eq.3). A similar equation can be written for the infinite dilution of gas 1. 

Calculate two of the quantities mass (or mass flow rate), volume (or volumetric flow rate), and moles (or molar flow rate) from a knowledge of the third quantity for any species of known density and molecular weight. 

The quantity ri2 may be calculated from the given volumetric flow rate and the density of liquid water ... 

Given a description of a process system in which a volumetric flow rate is either specified or requested for any process stream, (a) carry out the degree-of-ffeedom analysis, including density estimates for liquid and solid streams and equations of state for gas streams (b) write the system equations and outline the procedure you would use to solve for all requested quantities (c) carry out the calculations (d) list all your assumptions (e.g., volume additivity for liquids or ideal gas behavior) and state whether or not they are reasonable for the given process conditions. 

Calculations of volumetric analysis ordinarily consist of transforming the quantity of titrant used (in chemical units) to a chemically equivalent quantity of analyte (also in chemical units) through use of a stoichiometric factor. Use chemical formulas (NO CALCULATIONS REQUIRED) to express this ratio for calculation of the percentage of (a) hydrazine in rocket fuel by titration with standard iodine. Reaction ... 

The measurements chemists make are often used in calculations to obtain other related quantities. Different instraments enable us to measure a substance s properties The meter stick measures length or scale the buret, the pipet, the graduated cylinder, and the volumetric flask measure volume (Figure 1.8) the balance measures mass the thermometer measures temperature. These instruments provide measurements of macroscopic properties, which can be determined directly. Microscopic properties, on the atomic or molecular scale, must be determined by an indirect method, as we will see in the next chapter. 

The liquid and gas analyses were carried out with a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC 15 A) equipped with Porapak n colunm and TCD. Acetic acid in liquid product was estimated volumetrically, using standard sodium hydroxide solution. Acetaldehyde was estimated by absorbing in excess sodium metabisulphite solution. Excess metabisulphite was titrated with standard iodine solution. The quantity of acetaldehyde was calculated by knowing the metabisulphite consumed. 

To use a volumetric solution it is poured into the burette, whose stopcock has been closed, until above the o mark the stopcock is then slightly opened so as to expel all air from the delivery tube. Tne float (Fig. 61) is now introduced from above, and touched with a glass rotl to free it from adhering air-bubbles and the solution allowed to flow out from below until the mark on the float is opposite the o of the burette All is now ready for use a given quantity of the solution to be analyzed is measured into a pipette and placeil in a beaker, a few drops of the imli-cator solution are added, and the standard sohiuon allowed to flow in until the end reaction is reached. The reading of the burette is then taken and the calculation made. 

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