Vitamin B6 pyridoxine

If your patient with parkinsonism is taking levodopa, he must be careful to avoid vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) because it may interfere with the therapeutic effects of the drug. Most multivitamin supplements contain vitamin B6. Therefore, be sure to instruct your patient to check with his health care provider before taking any vitamin supplements. 

Administer vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) in the setting of isoniazid toxicity... 

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), free and combined, has a total concentration of 2.2 pg/g in green coffee.164... 

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and its derivative pyridoxamine are apparently able to inhibit superoxide production, reduce lipid peroxidation and glycosylation in high glucose-exposed erythrocytes [353], It was suggested that the suppression of oxidative stress in erythrocytes may be a new mechanism by which these natural compounds inhibit the development of complication in diabetes mellitus. 

Megadosage vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and cisplatin cause sensory neuronopathy. Pyridoxine toxicity, usually the result of inappropriate self-overmedication, kills dorsal root ganglion neurons. Affected individuals become severely ataxic because of loss of proprioceptive afferent input to the cerebellum. A similar syndrome is elicited by cisplatin chemotherapy. Neurotrophin-3 treatment is effective in protecting dorsal root ganglion neurons in experimental animals against these toxins [48,49]. 

A group of enzymes which is particularly important in amino acid metabolism in the liver (and also in muscle) is the transaminases, (also called aminotransferases). These are vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) dependent enzymes which transfer an amino group from an amino acid to an oxo (keto) acid, thus ... 

As well as being implicated as a hepatotoxin, the antitubercular drug isoniazid may also cause peripheral neuropathy with chronic use. In practice, this can be avoided by the concomitant administration of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). 

There are two major disposal pathways for homocysteine. Conversion to methionine requires folate and vitamin B12-derived cofactors. The formation of cysteine requires vitamin B6(pyridoxine). 

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxal) has the active form, pyridoxal phosphate. It functions as a cofactor for enzymes, particularly in amino acid metabolism. Deficiency of this vitamin is rare, but causes glossitis and neuropathy. The deficiency can be induced by isoniazid, which causes sensory neuropathy at high doses. 

Deficiency of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) causes gradual disappearance of the lymphatic system, depressed number of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, and impaired activity of antibodies and IL-2 (Szponar and Respondek 1998) (Table 2.2.4). Vitamin D3 can produce an immunosupressive effect. The recent literature data suggest that one of metabolites of this vitamin, 1,2,5-dihydroxy D3, by affecting a specific receptor present on monocytes and lymphocytes, can inhibit their proliferation. This effect occurs via retardation of the production of mRNA for GM CSF, IL-2, and IFN-7. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that deficiency of vitamin D3 in food caused impaired cellular-type tolerance (Szponar and Respondek 1998). 

Isoniazid is bactericidal against growing M. tuberculosis. Its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the bacterium it is converted to isonicotinic acid, which is membrane impermeable and hence likely to accumulate intracellularly. Isoniazid is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. In the liver, it is inactivated by acetylation. Notable adverse effects are peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis preventable by administration of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), and liver damage. 

Glutamate is utilized in metabolic interaaions with other amino acids and is formed into new proteins. One route by which glutamate can be removed is through reaaions that require vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), and individuals who are deficient in this vitamin may suffer greater effeas from excess MSG. Glutamate also has an important role in the brain where it acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter, increasing the aaivity of nerve cells, ft is responsible for most of the interactions between nerve cells in the brain, for example those involved in memory... 

Nutrient Content high in prebiotic fiber, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), several dietary minerals, phytosterols... 

VITAMIN B6 (Pyridoxine) As pyridoxal-5-phosphate. Vitamin B6 functions as a coenzyme in amino acid decarboxylases and transaminases. It occurs in meat (liver), fish (salmon), carrot, avocado and other fruits, egg yolk and yeast. Synthetic material is also used. 

The first component of vitamin B6, pyridoxine, was first synthesized, also in 1938, by the Austrian-German chemist Richard Kuhn (1900-1967). Its chemical structure was determined a year later by American chemists Karl August Folkers (1906-1997) and S. A. Harris (dates not available) at the... 

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