Virtual ants

The fourth source type option in SCREEN is for volume sources, which is selected by entering V or V for source type. The volume source algorithm is based on a virtual point source approach, and may be used for non-buoy ant sources whose emissions occupy some initial volume. The inputs requested for volume sources are as follows ... 

As a result of human health concerns, production of mirex ceased in 1976, at which time industrial releases of this chemical to surface waters were also curtailed. However, releases from waste disposal sites continue to add mirex to the environment. Virtually all industrial releases of mirex were to surface waters, principally Lake Ontario via contamination of the Niagara and Oswego Rivers. About 75% of the mirex produced was used as a fire retardant additive, while 25% was used as a pesticide. As a pesticide, mirex was widely dispersed throughout the southern United States where it was used in the fire ant eradication program for over 10 years. 

A wasp presumably identifies appropriate nests by odor, discriminating among very similar ant-recognition pheromones. Virtually the only chemical information available in this entire set of... 

In 1988, EPA prohibited the sale, distribution, and shipment of existing stocks of all canceled chlordane and heptachlor products. Subsequently, virtually all uses of heptachlor products were voluntarily canceled by the registrant, Velsicol Chemical Corporation (EPA 1990b). The only commercial use of heptachlor products still permitted is fire ant control in power transformers. Use of existing stocks of heptachlor-containing termiticide products in the possession of homeowners is also permitted (EPA 1990b). 

Niobium and tantalum compounds form adducts with virtually all types of neutral ant anionic donors. The coordination chemistry of the higher halides is widely developed, and thei activity as Friedel-Crafts catalysts is another manifestation of their Lewis acidity. The stron acceptor capacity of the high valent metal compounds tends to favor the formation of dimers and sometimes of higher condensation products, which competes with coordination with othe donor molecules. Numerous simple anionic or heteropolyanionic species, but little cationi chemistry, and no simple metal salts, are known. 

Along the floor, a virtual zoo of robotic devices parade from all over the cosmos. Bob marvels at how the tiny machines with nervous systems modeled after ants display spontaneous social behavior. 

For these classes of conjugated molecular and polymer structures, the principal property is that their nonreson-ant, nonlinear optical responses are dominated by ultrafast, virtual excitations of the ir-electron states. This was directly demonstrated by MNA (2-methyl-4-nitroaniline) single crystal measurements of macroscopic second order susceptibilities at do (j 3) and optical frequencies (13-1 ) and combined second harmonic measurements and theo-... 

Chloroplasts present in the [S2 Qb ] state, i.e., one produced by one flash without DCMU present, have a prominent B-band between 20 and 30 °C, as shown in Fig. 6 (A), trace (a). At an ANT-2p concentration of 1 (iM, corresponding to less than one ANT-2p molecule per 2000 chlorophyll molecules, i.e., less than one molecule per reaction center, the B-band is virtually abolished [Fig. 6 (A), trace (b)]. The authors also reported that the use of NM (n-methyl) ANT-2p, a structurally related but totally ADRY-inactive compound, has practically no effect on the B-band peak height (not shown). 

The City, all agree, was faced with a prima facie case of disparate-impact liability, ante, at 2677 The pass rate for minority candidates was half the rate for nonminority candidates, and virtually no minority candidates would have been eligible for promotion had the exam results been certified. Alerted to this stark disparity, the CSB heard expert and lay testimony, presented at public hearings, in an endeavor to ascertain whether the exams were fair and consistent with business necessity. Its investigation revealed grave cause for concern about the exam process itself and the City s failure to consider alternative selection devices. 

Virtually all materials extracted from plants and animals fall under the heading of organic compounds— that is, compounds that include some combination of carbon and hydrogen. In the chemist s quest for materials, plants and animals have always been exploited as much as the stones we have focused on so far. Extracts of herbs have been used for medicines and ethanol for mood control. Soaps and many dyes have their origins in plant and animal products, as do many acids, including acetic acid from sour wine, lactic acid from milk, citric acid from lemons, and formic acid from the dry distillation of ants (alchemists tended to throw anything in the pot that was not faster than they were). 

Some nest parasites in social insects are protected because their cuticular chemistry is very similar to that of the hosts. The complex cuticle hydrocarbon blends of parasite and host are virtually identical and the hosts cannot distinguish the parasites from conspecifics (Stowe, 1988). Nest parasites of the genus Trichopsenius biosynthesize their hydrocarbon mixture the pattern matches the species-specific mixture of their termite hosts. In contrast, the scarabaeid beetle, Myr-mecaphodius excavatacollis, which associates with ants, acquires its hydrocarbons by association with the host and can invade the nests of several different species of ants with different hydrocarbon blends (Stowe, 1988). In another bizarre example, larvae of the neuropteran, Chrysopa slosso-nae, cover themselves with wax plucked from their wax-coated aphid prey. The ants that tend these aphids fail to recognize the neuropterans and do not attack them (Stowe, 1988). 

Among the ants the males constitute an additional caste since no certain case of true caste polymorphism within the male sex has yet been reported. The contribution of the male to the labor of the colony is virtually nil 417). 

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