Vertical intake well

Vertical intake wells eonsist of a nonmetaUic casting [typically, fiberglass-reinforced pipe (FRP) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC)], proper-grade stainless steel well screen (if needed), and a stainless steel submersible or vertical turbine pump (see Fig. 3.2). These wells are usually less costly than the horizontal wells, but their yield is relatively small (typieaUy 400-4000 m /day). 

A common form of turbine pump is the vertical pump, which has the pump element mounted at the bottom of a column that serves as the discharge pipe (see Fig. 10-46). Such units are immersed in the liquid to be pumped and are commonly used for wells, condenser circulating water, large-volume drainage, etc. Another form of the pump has a shell surrounding the pumping element which is connected to the intake pipe. In this form, the pump is used on condensate service in power plants and for process work in oil refineries. 

Submersible turbine pumps are a variety of vertical turbine pumps with the motor attached below the pumping unit. Water passes in through an intake port located between the motor and bowl assembly, then upward through the bowl stages to the surface through the pump pipe. Electric power is supplied to the motor by specially insulated wires. Submersible turbine pumps are manufactured for water supply and oil well usage by a wide variety of manufactures in sizes ranging from /3 to several hundred horsepower, and are constructed of materials suited for many chemicals. 

The primary functions of the guide ropes are to restrict the lateral movement of conveyances to prevent collisions between conveyances or between conveyances and the shaft wall. Conveyances in motion are subject to a number of disturbing forces which tend to displace the skip from a straight, vertical path. These forces include steady state aerodynamic and Coriolis forces as well as transient aerodynamic forces associated with skip passing impulses and ventilation system impulses at intakes and off takes. Clearly, a guide rope which provides a greater lateral restraint is desirable. 

Subsurface Intakes Subsurface (beach well) intakes are widely used for small and medium-size seawater desalination plants. Beach wells are typically located on the seashore, in close vicinity to the ocean. Beach well intakes include vertical or horizontal wells and associated intake pumping and electrical components. The subsurface intake... 

Horizontal eoUeetor intake weUs are not as commonly used for SWRO somce water supply as vertical wells because of their relatively higher installation costs. However, they may be the best ehoice for some applications. They consist of a caisson that extends below the ground smface with water weU collector screens (laterals) projeeted out horizontally from inside the caisson into the surrounding aquifer (Fig. 3.3). Sinee the weU screens in the eoUeetor wells are placed horizontaUy, a higher rate of source water coUeclion is possible than with most vertieal wells. This allows the same intake water quantity to be eoUected with fewer wells. 

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