Pumps piping

This section highlights some common pump piping configurations. Although horizontal pumps are shown 

Although this particular strainer does not need ad- 

EXHIBIT 8-13 Components of a Typical Pump Suction and Discharge Piping System 

Client pump and driver maintenance procedures must also be known at this stage, especially those regarding how each item is to be physically removed. Very small pumps may be removed by hand larger pumps require the use of an A-frame, as depicted in Exhibit 8-17. Very large pumps may be removed by a cherry picker. 

Uniformity of design in piping, support.s, and steel were the results of thinking ahead. This is what a client pays for when hiring an engineering contractor. Spending more on engineering may reduce construc- 

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Following the invention of the hydrauHc press in 1795 (3), the use of hydrauHcs expanded rapidly during the nineteenth century. The weight-loaded accumulator, invented ca 1850, was used to store energy in hydrauHc systems. The elementary press circuit has several parts that are common to all hydrauHc systems a reservoir, a pump, piping, control valves, a motor, which in this case is a hydrauHc cylinder or ram, and the hydrauHc fluid. By ca 1860 hydrauHc presses were used for forging, and an adjustable-speed hydrauHc transmission was perfected in 1906 (2). The manufacture of hydrauHcahy actuated machines attained industrial importance after 1920. 

Corrosion. Copper-base alloys are seriously corroded by sodium thiosulfate (22) and ammonium thiosulfate [7783-18-8] (23). Corrosion rates exceed 10 kg/(m yr) at 100°C. High siUcon cast iron has reasonable corrosion resistance to thiosulfates, with a corrosion rate <4.4 kg/(m yr)) at 100°C. The preferred material of constmction for pumps, piping, reactors, and storage tanks is austenitic stainless steels such as 304, 316, or Alloy 20. The corrosion rate for stainless steels is <440 g/(m yr) at 100°C (see also Corrosion and corrosion control). 

Impervious graphite centrifugal pumps, pipe fittings, and valves were developed because most chemical processes require the movement of Hquids. Graphite pipe and fittings in sizes ranging from 25 to 635 mm ID are used to convey corrosive fluids. 

An inmortant caveat The lines are shown as continuous functions, a considerable oversimplification. Pumps, pipes, valves, and even membrane assemblies come in discrete sizes and capacities, sometimes giving a project cost with a sharper minimum and one displaced from the ideal minimum. Every process has different characteristics, but the general shape of a broad economic minimum is characteristic. 

Is spill containment m place around transfer pumps, pipe manifolds, production vessels, packaging lines and storage containers ... 

Provision of operating instructions and procedures. These should eliminate confusion and provide continuity on, e.g., shift changeover. EiTors in identification of valves, pumps, pipes, storage tanks, and the sequence in which they are to be operated is a common cause of accidents, e.g. on staff changeovers. 

The plienolic/asbestos laminates (used up to 200°C) have excellent resistance to most mineral and organic acids but are attacked by strong oxidizing agents such as nitric and concentrated sulfuric acids and strong alkalis such as sodium and potassium hydroxide. Tanks, scrubbers, columns, pumps, pipes, etc., are fabricated from plienolic/asbestos laminates. 

Components include items like pumps, pipes, valves, motors, gear trains, heat exchangers, relays, switches, fans, thermocouples, and diesel generators. 

Kern, R, Size Pump Piping and Components, Hydrocarbon Processing, V. 52, No, 3, 1973. 

The hydraulic press, invented by an Englishman, John Brahmah, was one of the first workable machines that used hydraulics in its operation. It consisted of a plunger pump piped to a large cylinder and a ram. This press found wide use in England because it provided a more effective and economical means of applying large, uniform forces in industrial uses. 

Fig. 3.8. Experimental set-up to examine interaction of atom particles with the surface of a solid body by means of atom beam reflection. I - Chamber with atom particles source installed II, III - Intermediate and main chambers / -Pyrolysis filament 2 - Collimation channel 3 - Beam chopper 4 - Titanium atomizer 5 - Collimation slot 6 - Target 7 - Deflector 8 - To vacuum pump pipe 9 - Filament 10 - ZnO semiconductor sensor...

Equipment manufacturers also work to standards to produce standardised designs and size ranges for commonly used items such as electric motors, pumps, pipes and pipe fittings. They will conform to national standards, where they exist, or to those issued by trade associations. It is clearly more economic to produce a limited range of standard sizes than to have to treat each order as a special job. 

Submersible turbine pumps are a variety of vertical turbine pumps with the motor attached below the pumping unit. Water passes in through an intake port located between the motor and bowl assembly, then upward through the bowl stages to the surface through the pump pipe. Electric power is supplied to the motor by specially insulated wires. Submersible turbine pumps are manufactured for water supply and oil well usage by a wide variety of manufactures in sizes ranging from /3 to several hundred horsepower, and are constructed of materials suited for many chemicals. 

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