Vault

Nickel, used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults, and is also a component in Nichrome(R), Permalloy(R), and constantan. 

Isolation of radioactive wastes for long periods to allow adequate decay is sought by the use of multiple barriers. These include the waste form itself, the primary containers made of resistant materials, overpacks as secondary layers, buffer materials, concrete vaults, and finally the host rock or sod. Barriers limit water access to the waste and minimize contamination of water suppHes. The length of time wastes must remain secure is dependent on the regulatory limit of the maximum radiation exposure of individuals in the vicinity of the disposal site. 

Fig. 4. Integrated vault technology for low level waste disposal where A represents waste containers that are placed in concrete overpacks and sealed with grout B, closed modules covered with a multiple-layer earthen cover, to direct water away from modules, and short rooted vegetation for erosion control and C, overpacks placed in reinforced concrete modules which are closed with a reinforced concrete roof Courtesy of Chem-Nuclear Systems, Inc.

Products can be found in every principal market area including rocket motor and shell casings, air and gas pressure tanks, aircraft wing fuel tanks, utihty poles, automotive and tmck drive shafts, sailboat masts, vaulting poles, fishing rods, golf shafts, railroad tanks cars, and pipes and tanks for oil, gas, and chemical processing. 

Vaulted. Vaulted tanks are installed inside a concrete vault. The vault, itself a Hquid-tight compartment, reduces the fire protection requirements as the NFPA and the International Fire Code Institute (IFCI) recognize these tanks as fire-resistant aboveground storage tanks. The vault provides a two-hour fire wall, thermal protection that minimizes tank breathing losses and pollution, secondary containment, and baUistic protection. 

Concrete and fiberglass vaults are often used, although they can be subject to environmentally induced cracks. Soil and clay liners are not allowed. Flexible hner systems have been developed that may be a cost-effective and environmentally sound alternative. State-of-the-art liner technology has overcome many of the previous problems with seams, low mechanical strength, and chemical resistance. 

The two estimates, if plotted, look as shown in Fig. 6.4. This explains why fibre-reinforced composites like wood and GFRP are so stiff along the reinforced direction (the upper line of the figure) and yet so floppy at right angles to the direction of reinforcement (the lower line), that is, it explains their anisotropy. Anisotropy is sometimes what you want - as in the shaft of a squash racquet or a vaulting pole. Sometimes it is not, and then the layers of fibres can be laminated in a criss-cross way, as they are in the body shell of a Formula 1 racing car. 

Slides Vaulting pole, springs, girders (for extremes of stiffness). 

Pressure-tubes allow the separate, low-pressure, heavy-water moderator to act as a backup hesit sink even if there is no water in the fuel channels. Should this fail, the calandria shell ilsdf can contain the debris, with the decay heat being transferred to the water-filled shield tank around the core. Should the severe core damage sequence progress further, the shield tank and the concrete reactor vault significantly delay the challenge to containment. Furthermore, should core melt lead to containment overpressure, the concrete containment wall will leak and reduce the possibility of catastrophic structural failure (Snell, 1990). 

Single channel event e.g., end-Etting failure w. fuel ejection to vault 2. ii -t... 

In Division 1 areas, transformers must be installed in approved vaults if they contain a flammable liquid. If they do not contain a flammable liquid, they must either be installed in vaults or be approved explosion-proof. In Division 2 areas, standard transformers are acceptable, but... 

Zelenin, A E, Chkanikov, N D, Kolomiets A F, Fokin A V Izv Akad (Vault SSS7 1986, 2081 (Engl Transl 1895)... 

Locating them in a room, vault, or similar enclosure accessible only to qualified individuals... 

Cold-hammering was used in the late Stone Age to produce plates of gold for ornamental purposes, and this metal has always been synonymous with beauty, wealth and power. Considerable quantities were accumulated by ancient peoples. The coffin of Tutankhamun (a minor Pharaoh who was only 18 when he died) contained no less than 112 kg of gold, and the legendary Aztec and Inca hoards in Mexico and Peru were a major reason for the Spanish conquests of Central and South America in the early sixteenth century. Today, the greatest hoard of gold is the 30000 tonnes of bullion (i.e. bars) lying in the vaults of the US Federal Reserve Bank... 

Chiral aluminum catalyst 2, prepared from Et2AlCl and a Vaulted biaryl ligand, is reported to be an effective Lewis acid catalyst of the Diels-AIder reaction between methacrolein and cyclopentadiene, affording the adduct in 97.7% ee [4] (Scheme 1.2). Although the Diels-AIder reaction with other a,/ -unsaturated aldehydes has not been described, that only 0.5 mol% loading is sufficient to promote the reaction is a great advantage of this catalyst. 

Wulff and coworkers have applied their aluminum catalyst 2 containing a vaulted biphenanthrol ligand (VAPOL, Section 2.1) to the Diels-Alder reaction between methyl acrylate and cyclopentadiene [25] (Scheme 1.32). In this Diels-Alder reaction auto-induction is observed, because of a cooperative interaction between the product... 

WSlbung,/. curvature camber vault, vaulting, crown. 

LLW is placed in sturdy, sealed containers. At the isolation site these containers are first put in concrete and/or metal vaults or bunkers and then buried in shallow trenches before being covered with backfill. Some of these are then paved over to prevent rainwater from entering the waste. 

Probably the most widely applicable asymmetric imine aziridination reaction reported to date is that of Wulff et al. These workers approached the reaction from a different perspective, utilizing the so-called vaulted , axially chiral boron Lewis acids VANOL and VAPOL [35] to mediate reactions between ethyl diazoacetate and N-benzhydrylimines (Scheme 4.29) [36]. The reactions proceed with impressive enantiocontrol, but there is a requirement that the benzhydryl substituent be present since this group is not an aziridine activator there is, therefore, a need for deprotection and attachment of a suitable activating group. Nonetheless, this method is a powerful one, with great potential for synthesis, as shown by the rapid synthesis of chloroamphenicol by the methodology [37]. 

The pituitary gland lies deep within the cranial vault, connected to the brain by the infundibular stalk (a downward extension of the floor of the third ventricle) and protected by an indentation of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica (see Fig. 50-1). The pituitary gland, a small, gray rounded structure, has two parts ... 

When using Hie vaginal ring, press Hie ring into an oval and insert into the upper Hiird of Hie vaginal vault. 

De Vault DS. 1985. Contaminants in fish from Great Lakes harbors and tributary mouths. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 14 587-594. 

Clinical trials (60,61) have shown that TRA can be safely delivered topically using the cervical cap and collagen device. In these studies the TPA was applied as a cream to the sponge, which was then inserted into the vaginal vault. A new device was used daily for up to 4 days. Systemic effects were minimal, and local toxicity was dose-related and acceptable. 

Recently, Wulff and coworkers demonstrated that a copper-mediated der-acemization of the vaulted biaryl ligands VANOL and VAPOL can be readily achieved in the presence of (-)-sparteine 1 (Scheme 27) [27]. 

Every pure liquid or solid has a characteristic density that helps distinguish it from other substances. To give one example, the density of pure gold is 19.3 g/cm, whether the sample is a nugget in a miner s pan or an ingot in a bank vault. Pyrite, an iron compound that resembles gold, has a much lower density of 5.0 g/cm. Table Ud lists... 

Surgery vault releasing in patients who EVD or bolt Sjv02 stroke. 

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