Varian system

Data acquisition was accomplished with the aid of a Varian Aerograph Chromatography Data System 220i. The UV detector was connected to the Varian system, which integrated the peak-height-retention-time data. The integral area vs. elution time distribution was converted to the desired differential distribution. 

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Bmker s database, designed for use with its spectrophotometers, contains 20,000 C-nmr and H-nmr, as weU as a combined nmr-ms database (66). Sadder Laboratories markets a PC-based system that can search its coUection of 30,000 C-nmr spectra by substmcture as weU as by peak assignments and by fiiU spectmm (64). Other databases include one by Varian and a CD-ROM system containing polymer spectra produced by Tsukuba University, Japan. CSEARCH, a system developed at the University of Vieima by Robien, searches a database of almost 16,000 C-nmr. Molecular Design Limited (MDL) has adapted the Robien database to be searched in the MACCS and ISIS graphical display and search environment (63). Projects are under way to link the MDL system with the Sadder Hbrary and its unique search capabiHties. 

LIMS/DM, Varian Laboratory Data Systems, Varian Instrument Group, 2700 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598. LIMS/2000, Perkin-Elmer Corporation, Analytical Instruments, Main Ave. (MS-12), Norwalk, CT 06856. 

The instrument used in this study was an in-house constructed HPGPC composed of a Waters Associates M-6000 solvent delivery system, Waters Associates U6K injector, Varian Instruments fixed... 

Reversed-phase Cig chromatography column. Keystone Scientific Betasil, 100 x 2.0-mm i.d., 5-pm particle size, 100 A, Part No. 105-701-2-CPF TSQ 7000 LC/MS/MS system with electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface and gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) unit, or equivalent Vacuum manifold for use with SPE cartridges (Varian Vac Elut 10 or equivalent)... 

Z. Penton, SPME Application Note 7, Varian Chromatography Systems, Walnut Creek, CA (1995). 

Pareto efficiency, also known as Pareto optimality, is named after an Italian economist, Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923). The definition of a Pareto efficient economic system is that no re-allocation of given goods can be made without making at least one individual worse off (there is no way to make any person better off without hurting anybody else). Pareto improvement from a non-efficient system is achieved when a change to a different allocation makes at least one individual better off without making any other individual worse off [Varian 47],... 

NMR spectra were obtained in continuous wave mode on a Varian T-60, and in the pulsed Fourier transform mode on a Varian HR-220 with Nicolet TT-100 Fourier transform accessory, a Nicolet NT-300 wide bore system, and a Bruker WM-500. 13C T1 data were obtained... 

The 27Al-29Si RAPT-CPMG-HETCOR experiments were performed at 14.1 T on a Varian NMR System 600 spectrometer, equipped with a triple resonance MAS probe. 

P and 27A1 MAS NMR spectra of aluminophosphate powders and of samples scratched from films were recorded on 600 MHz Varian NMR system equipped with a Varian 3.2 mm MAS probe. Fifty two-faced films deposited on glass slides were needed to obtain sufficient amount of material for NMR measurements. Larmor frequencies for phosphorus and aluminium at 14.1 T are 242.89 and 156.35 MHz, respectively. 

Liquid and gaseous products are analyzed by gas chromatography with respectively a Varian 3900 GC and a Varian 4900 micro GC. The identification of the liquid decomposition products is carried out by mass spectrometry on a GC/MS system (Shimadzu GC14A coupled with a Nermag/Quad service R10-10 C/U). 

Also for these pumps, multistage systems (e.g. Varian TriScroll Pump) are used which allows for final pressure around 10 2torr and pumping speed of about 30m3/h (see Fig. 1.10). The typical application of scroll pumps systems is the backing for turbomolec-ular pumps (see Section 1.6.6). 

Figure 5.19 Formation of amino acids on ice surfaces irradiated in the laboratory (Nature Nature 416, 403-406 (28 March 2002) doi 10.1038/416403a-permission granted). Data were obtained from analysis of the room temperature residue of photoprocessed interstellar medium ice analogue taken after 6 M HCl hydrolysis and derivatization (ECEE derivatives, Varian-Chrompack Chirasil-L-Val capillary column 12 m x 0.25 mm inner diameter, layer thickness 0.12 pirn splitless injection, 1.5 ml min-1 constant flow of He carrier gas oven temperature programmed for 3 min at 70°C, 5°C min-1, and 17.5 min at 180°C detection of total ion current with GC-MSD system Agilent 6890/5973). The inset shows the determination of alanine enantiomers in the above sample (Chirasil-L-Val 25 m, single ion monitoring for Ala-ECEE base peak at 116 a.m.u.). DAP, diaminopentanoic acid DAH, diaminohexanoic acid a.m.u., atomic mass units.

The fully decoupled C-NMR spectrum of aspirin in CD3OD (200 mg/ml) is shown in Figure 5. The spectrum was obtained on a Varian XL-100-15 NMR spectrometer equipped with a Transform Technology TT-100 FT data system. The data represent the transformation of a 400 pulse FID obtained using 4096 data points with a 15 second delay time between accumulations.33 Peaks a-i (Figure 5) arise from the nine carbons of aspirin. The seven peak multiplet centered at 6=49.0 ppm... 

The low resolution mass spectrum of calcitriol is shown in Figure 4 (4). The spectrum was obtained using a Varian MAT CH5 spectrometer, which was interfaced with a Varian data system 620 I. The data system accepts the output of the spectrometer, calculates the masses, compares the intensities to the base peak, and plots this information as a series of lines whose heights are proportional to the intensities. 

The carbon-13 NMR spectrum of griseofulvin (Figure 3) was obtained at ambient temperature in DMSO-d containing TMS as internal reference utilizing Varian Associates XL-100-15 spectrometer equipped with Fourier accessories The system was locked to the deuterium resonance frequency of the solvent, and operated at a frequency of 25.2 MHz for carbon-13. The chemical shifts are reported ( c, ppm.) from the Internal standard TMS. 

The feasibility of online SPE LC/MS/MS has been tested since the introduction of thermospray ionization. In an early research paper by Lant and Oxford (1987), a prototype online SPE LC/MS system was set up and successfully applied for the measurement of labetalol, a hypertension drug and a- and /J-adrenergic receptor, in plasma. This system was set up by coupling an advanced automated sample processor (AASP, Varian, Walton-on-Thames, UK) with a reversed-phase column, a ten-port switching valve, and an MS equipped with thermospray interface (Vestec, Houston, Texas) (Blakley et al. 1980, Blakley and Vestal 1983). 

The liquid chromatograph was a Perkin Elmer Series 3 or Varian 5500 system equipped with a Perkin Elmer LC-100 or Varian 2080 column oven, Varian 2010 pump for backflushing the guard... 

FIGURE 14.18 Flow diagram of split flow capillary LC system. 1. Solvent reservoirs. 2. Model 5000 syringe pump (Varian, Walnut Creek, California). 3. Static mixer. 4. Injection port. 5. Column. 6. Detector. 7. Pressure transducer. 8. Pulse dampener. 9. Purge valve. 10. U-flow controlling device. 11. Waste. 

Varian Instrument Division Bull., E-700 High Power ENDOR System (1971)... 

The lncos-50 is a relatively low-cost benchtop instrument as opposed to the research grade instruments discussed earlier. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometer transfer lines allow it to be used with either the Hewlett Packard 5890 or the Varian 3400 gas chromatographs. The Incos 50 provides data system control of the gas chromatography and accessories such as autosampler or liquid sample concentration. It can be used with capillary, wide-bore or packed columns. It performs electron ionization or chemical ionization with positive or negative detection. It also accepts desorption or other solids controls. 

Gemini Superconducting Fourier transform NMR systems, VXR series 5, Varian Instruments, Sugar Lane, Texas, USA... 

Experimental Procedure. Figure 3 presents a schematic diagram of the apparatus. The chromatograph is a Varian Aerograph Series 1400 with a thermal conductivity detector and an associated Varian CDS 111 Chromatography Data System (integrator). We modified the chromatograph in two ways ... 

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