Vacuum resid

The Ni and V concentrated into the vacuum resid appear to occur in two forms. Erom 10 to 14% of each of these two metals can be distilled in the 565—705°C boiling range, where they exhibit the strong visible Soret bands associated with the porphyrin stmcture. This tetrapyrrole stmcture (48,49), possibly derived from ancient chlorophyll, has been confirmed by a variety of analytical techniques. 

Fig. 11. Schematic of a residuum oil supercritical extraction (ROSE) process using compressed pentane to separate vacuum resids into asphaltenes (high...

Vacuum resid 1050T-H 5GG°C-H Vacuum tower bottoms (VRC) Heavy and bunker fuel oils, asphalts... 

Typical analysis of light Arabian vacuum resid before and after solvent treatment using once C4 and another C5 hydrocarbon solvent ... 

The gas oil feed for the conventional cat cracker comes primarily from the atmospheric column, the vacuum tower, and the delayed coker. In addition, a number of refiners blend some atmospheric or vacuum resid into the feedstocks to be processed in the FCC unit. 

C plus vacuum resid fraction 20% of nitrogen in asphaltenes, 33% as neutral, 20% as basic. 27% as weakly basic. 

Caustic that is added downstream of the crude oil desalter. Caustic is injected downstream of the desalter to control overhead corrosion. Natural chloride salts in crude decompose to HCl at typical unit temperatures. Caustic reacts with these salts to form sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is thermally stable at the temperature found in the crude and vacuum unit heaters. This results in sodium chloride being present in either atmospheric or vacuum resids. Most refiners discontinue caustic injection when they process residue to the FCC unit. It can still be present in purchased feedstocks, however. 

Residue is the residual material from the processing of raw crude (for example, vacuum residue and not vacuum resid). 

The bottom of the barrel contains heavy, smelly compounds that have polyaromatic rings and that contain up to several percent of S and N in aromatic rings and in side chains sulfides and amines. This fi action will not boil below temperatures where the molecules begin to crack, and it is called residual oil or vacuum resid if it boils at reduced pressure. This fraction also contains perhaps 0.1% of heavy metals tied up as porphyrin rings in the polyaromatics. All these species are severe poisons to either FCC or catalytic reforming... 

This process is used to produce light gases, naphtha, distillate fuel, heavy fuel oil, and petroleum coke by cracking heavy residual products such as atmospheric and vacuum resids. Both delayed coking and fluid coking processes are utilized. 

Marine residual fuels bunker fuel oil Grades ISO RMA through RML marine residual fuel and bunker fuel are blended from components such as atmospheric resid, vacuum resid, visbreaker resid, FCC bottoms, low-grade distillate, and cracked components. Bunker fuel has a maximum viscosity of 550 cSt 122°F (50°C), density of 0.990 g/cc, and sediment of 0.1 wt%. ISO marine fuel oil viscosities range from 10 to 55 cSt 212°F (100°C). These fuels are used in slow-speed diesel engines and boilers. 

When determining the pour point of certain heavy residual products such as 6 fuel oils, bunker fuels, vacuum gas oils, vacuum resids, atmospheric resids, and visbreaker bottoms, it is important to pay close attention to the temperature applied to the oil prior to pour point testing. In some cases, preheating an oil to temperatures greater than 212°F (100°C) prior to pour point testing can result in a pour point value which is lower than the value obtained for the same oil preheated to 110°F (43.3°C). 

Source Arabian hvy vacuum resid Athabasca bitumen... 

Product properties from heavy Arabian vacuum resid feedstock ... 

Gas Components Nat. Gas Light Naphtha Heavy Fuel Oil Vacuum Resid. Propane Asphalt Coal... 

Gradient elution chromatography has been used to separate solvent refined coals produced from three different coal sources into well defined fractions. These fractions then were examined by IR spectrometry to determine the nature of the functional groups, and by a combination of C-J3 and H NMR techniques to gain some insight into the aromaticities of the fractions. Particular attention has been paid to the distribution of heteroatoms N, O, and S within the chromatographic cuts. Data from these SRC s are presented and compared with comparable data from a petroleum vacuum resid. 

The SRC s used in this study were obtained from the SRC process demonstration unit operated by Southern Services Inc. in Wilsonville, Alabama. Three SRC s were studied and these products were derived from the following coals Illinois No. 6 Burning Star, Illinois No. 6 Monterey, and Wyodak (Amax). The as-received SRC s were wet owing to a water quench and therefore each SRC was dried carefully before sampling and analysis. The vacuum resid was prepared by laboratory vacuum distillation of an atmospheric resid obtained from a commercial refinery source. The identification and source of the coal liquid samples used in this study along with other pertinent information are presented in Table I. 

Table III. Elemental Analyses, Molectilar Weights, and Aromaticities of SRC s and Vacuum Resid...

The GEC analyses of the SRC s are presented in Table IV and compared with a comparable analysis for an Arabian Light vacuum resid. This comparison is illustrated graphically in Figure 2. The most striking feature of this data lies in the observed difference in composition between the SRC s and the resid. Whereas the Arabian Light vacuum resid contains 49 wt % material in the first three fractions, the SRC s contain... 

Table VIII. Structural Properties of Selected GEC Fractions from SRC vs. Vacuum Resid...

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