Vacuum gas oil hydrocracking

VGO, vacuum gas oil ARDS, atm. residue desulfurization VGO HCR, vacuum gas oil hydrocracking Residue HCR, residue hydrocracking. 

A skewed Gaussian-type distribution function can depict the yield distributions. The resulting model reproduces published pilot-plant and commercial data on vacuum gas oil hydrocracking.This has led to the development of a hydrocracking process model." Selective cracking in FCC has also been addressed.Browarzik and Kehlen used a fragmentation-based model for n-alkane hydrocracking. Similar approaches have been used for polymer reaction systems." " ... 

T-Star. An extension of H-Oil process, which can maintain global conversions in the range of 20%-60% and specifically HDS of 93%-99%. This process can act as an FCC pretreater or vacuum gas oil hydrocracker. H-Oil catalyst can be used in the T-Star process. A T-Star reactor can also be placed in-line with an H-Oil reactor to improve the quality of H-Oil distillate products. In mild hydroCTacking mode, the T-Star process can reach conversions up to 60%, with a catalyst not sensitive to sulfur and nitrogen levels in the feed, and will provide constant conversion, product yields, and product quality (Gragnani, 2011). 

Thermal and catalytic hydrocracking reactions have been reported to occur in cascade (Yang et al, 2011), that is, the vacuum residue is hydrocracked to form vacuum gas oil the vacuum gas oil hydrocracks to produce middle distillates, and so forth. Depending on the reaction conditions, occurrence of some path reactions can be more difficult, or they could not even be present. 

Sadighi, S., Ahmad, A., Mohaddecyz, S.R.S. 2010. 6-Lump kinetic model for a commercial vacuum gas oil hydrocracker. Inter. J. Chem. Reactor Eng. 8 1-24. 

Sadighi, S., Arshad, A., Rashidzadeh, M. 2010. 4-Lump kinetic model for vacuum gas oil hydrocracker involving hydrogen consumption. Kor. J. Chem. Eng. 27(4) 1099-1108. 

Absolute = 1.72 bar. Hydrocracked vacuum gas oil. Maximized ethylene product. Nonaromatic. 

Vacuum gas oils 650-1050T 343-5GG°C Feeds to FCCU and hydrocracker... 

Gas oil is a heavier petroleum fraction than kerosine. It can be obtained from the atmospheric distillation of crude oils (atmospheric gas oil, AGO), from vacuum distillation of topped crudes (vacuum gas oil, VGO), or from cracking and hydrocracking units. 

Heavy fractions (e.g., vacuum gas oils) and residues HDP might involve both, hydrotreatment and hydrocracking operations. HDT, in this case, is a feed pretreatment, for preparation to another process unit, which might be a HCK unit. This process combination, HDT-HCK can be used on Cycle Oil (FCC, coker), VGO (SR and coker) and SR residues (atmospheric and vacuum). It can be carried out in a single reactor with more than one catalyst, or in more than one reactor. 

Landau, M.V., Vradman, L Valtchev, V., Lezervant, J., Liubich, E and Talianker, M. (2003) Hydrocracking of heavy vacuum gas oil with a Pt/H-beta/ A1203 catalyst effect of zeolite crystal size in the nanoscale range. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42, 2773-2782. 

Gas oils Utilized as straight-run distillate after desulfurization. Lighter atmospheric and vacuum gas oils are often hydrocracked or catalytically cracked to produce gasoline, jet, and diesel fuel fractions heavy vacuum gas oils can be used to produce lubestocks or as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) feedstock... 

In the fourth step, the preprocessor generates plant performance data for the FCC, gas oil hydrocracker, motor reformer and BTX reformer. For each of these process units, the preprocessor calls the appropriate process simulator which computes the usage of equipment and utilities, product yields, and product properties for all base and alternate operations specified by the user. For all of the FCC operations, the feed properties are those of the atmospheric plus vacuum gas oil from the base crude mix blended with a specified fraction of deasphalter overhead. 

Coprocessing of waste plastics with heavy petroleum fractions have considerable interest in feedstock recycling. In this study, we aimed to investigate the processing of municipal waste plastics (MWP) in presence of conventional and non-conventional catalysts in a refinery stream. For this purpose, the hydrocracking of MWP in vacuum gas oil (VGO) over metal loaded active carbon and conventional acidic catalysts (HSZM-5, DHC-8) was carried out to obtain liquid fuel. 2 refs. 

Waste plastics potentially can also be processed in hydrocracking process as an additional feed stream in mixture with vacuum gas oil or crude oil residues. Careful plastic segregation is then necessary since inorganic additives and impurities of plastics can foul the hydrocracking catalyst. Noncatalytic high-temperature olefin pyrolysis (700-800°C) and coking are insensitive to fouling. 

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