Urinary incontinence functional

Explain the pathophysiology of the major types of urinary incontinence (urge, stress, overflow, and functional) and pediatric enuresis. 

Functional urinary incontinence is not generally caused by intrinsic urinary tract pathology. It is usually caused by factors extrinsic to the urinary tract. Examples of factors predisposing to functional incontinence include ... 

Both females and males experience age-related problems from the urinary tracts, for example prostate hypertrophy in men and urinary incontinence in women. Kidney problems become more frequent in old age not only because of the normal functional decline but as a result of diseases associated with aging, and their treatment. 

Neurokinins comprise a group of peptides involved in nerve transmission. Specific members of this class of mediators control such diverse functions as visceral regulation and CNS function. The nonpeptide neurokinin antagonist talnetant (32-6), for example, has been evaluated for its effect on irritable bowel syndrome and urinary incontinence as well as depression and schizophrenia [36]. The quinoline portion of this compound is prepared by base-catalyzed Pfitzinger condensation of isatin (32-1) with the methoxy acetophenone (32-2). The methoxy ether in the product (32-3) is next cleaved by means of hydrogen bromide (32-4). Amide formation with the chiral a-phenylpropylamine (32-5) affords the neurokinin antagonist talnetant (32-6) [37]. 

A 67-year-old woman had spinal manipulation for neck pain and experienced severe pain (182). She subsequently noted weakness of her left side, which worsened rapidly and also affected bladder function. She had a left-sided ptosis, all sensation was impaired below C6, and she had urinary incontinence. An MRI scan showed an epidural hematoma in the left posterolateral aspect of the spinal cord at C3-C5. Laminectomy was performed and a large epidural hematoma was removed. She subsequently made a full recovery. 

The possibility of increasingly efficacious muscarinic therapeutic agents greatly depends on a sound knowledge of the functional role of the multiple muscarinic receptors expressed in the brain and in the periphery. In fact, many diseases including Alzheimer and Parkinson s, urinary incontinence, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic obstruc-... 

In the area of functional electrical stimulation, skeletal muscle transfers (myoplasty) combined with electrical stimulation have been advocated to provide contractile function that augments or replaces impaired organ function (Grandjean et al., 1996). Clinical investigation of dynamic car-diomyoplasty for the treatment of heart failure and dynamic myoplasty for treatment of fecal or urinary incontinence is already under investigation. 

Treatment Via lumbar puncture, 60 ml of CSP was removed. Within a day, there was improvement of his mental function, balance, and urinary incontinence. This first improvement lasted about 2 weeks, after which his symptoms gradually returned. After another CSF removal, the patient had the same improvement. Therefore a neurosurgeon installed a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, with a programmable valve that can be adjusted for changes in the intracranial pressnre. This is providing more enduring benefit. 

Most cases of daytime and nighttime wetting are functional forms of urinary incontinence resulting from nonneurogenic bladder sphincter dysfunction, clinically manifested by frequency, urgency and urge incontinence. UTls, covered bac-teriuria, VUR, constipation, encopresis and structural abnormalities of the urinary tract are often associated. 

A novel series of 1-aryl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1 H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as detrusor muscle relaxants for the treatment of urinary incontinence. The effects of these compounds on bladder contractile function were determined in vitro by using isolated rat bladder strips from male Sprague-Dawley rats that were pre-contracted with carbachol. The results of the SAR studies in this series led to the identification of several potent smooth muscle relaxants. The design, synthesis, and SAR of the series will be presented. 

Paresthesias, weakness and paralysis of lower extremity, hypotension, high or total spinal block, urinary retention or incontinence, fecal incontinence, headache, back pain, septic meningitis, meningismus, arachnoiditis, shivering cranial nerve palsies due to traction on nerves from loss of CSF, and loss of perineal sensation and sexual function Rare... 

Urinary Tract. Atropine and several synthetic antimuscarinics have been used to alleviate urinary frequency and incontinence caused by hypertonicity of the urinary bladder.13,17 Increased bladder tone results if the normal reflex control of bladder function is disrupted (i.e., the so-called neurogenic bladder syndrome) or a urinary tract infection irritates the bladder. Some people might also exhibit increased urinary... 

Urinary retention from impaired contractility Functional incontinence caused by delirium, immobility Anticholinergic effects and urinary retention Urinary retention... 

A 45-year-old woman with resistant rheumatoid arthritis was given etanercept 25 mg twice weekly. Nine days later she developed total acute sensory loss, with flaccid paraplegia, fecal incontinence, and urinary retention. MRI imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were consistent with a diagnosis of transverse myelitis. She also had positive antinuclear and anticardiohpin antibodies. After etanercept withdrawal and treatment with dexa-methasone and cyclophosphamide, her motor function improved with no change in sensory function. 

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