Urethanes, poly thermoplastics

Poly(isobutylene)/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Poly(styrene)/Poly(isobutylene)/Poly(styrene)) Poly(isobutylene)/Thermoplastic poly(urethane) Poly(isobutylene)/Pivolactone (29,30) (4,31,32) (33) (34)... 

Applications for the Stabaxol stabilizers include thermoplastic polyester urethanes, polyesteramide thermoplastic elastomers, castable polyester urethanes, polyester polyols, monofilament PET fibers, polycarbonates, polycarbonate/PETblends, EVA copolymers and poly(caprolactones). The thermal stabilization of poly(ethylene sulfide) is also accomplished with 4 % hexamethylenebis(t-butyl)carbodiimide and 2 % diphenylacetylene. Also, alternating carbon monoxide/ethylene copolymers are stabilized using aromatic carbodiimides. ... 

H. Yi, G. Jianjun, L.F. Kazuro, H. Ryotaro, L.R Anca, R.W. William, Tailoring the degradation kinetics of poly(ester carbonate urethane)urea thermoplastic elastomers for tissue engineering scaffolds, Biomaterials il (15) (2010) 4249 258. 

PEG-75 lanolin PEG-2 stearate PEG-2 tallowate Propylene glycol laurate plasticizer, thermoplastic elastomers Poly-a-methylstyrene plasticizer, thermoplastic polyesters Resorcinol bis (diphenylphosphate) plasticizer, thermoplastic urethane Poly-a-methylstyrene plasticizer, thermoplastics Neopentyl glycol dibenzoate plasticizer, thermoplastics/thermosets Ethyl toluenesulfonamide p-Toluenesulfonamide plasticizer, thermoset polyesters Tris (2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate plasticizer, tire components Asphalt, oxidized plasticizer, toys Epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer, transfer inks Dibutyl tartrate... 

YE L, QIN Q, FENG z G, ZHANG X w, BAI Y and WU F (2007a), Preparation and characterization of novel hybrid thermoplastic poly(ether urethane)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) elastomers, and their application as solid polymer electrolytes , Polym Int, 56 660-665... 

The most important tetrahydrofuran polymers are the hydroxy-terrninated polymers, that is, the a,C0-poly(tetramethylene ether) glycols used commercially to manufacture polyurethanes and polyesters (see Urethane polymers Polyesters, thermoplastic). 

Crystalline polyesters are highly important as adhesive raw materials. They are normally crystalline waxes and are highly symmetrical in nature, which can aid the crystallization process [26]. Poly(hexamethylene adipate) and poly(caprolactone), shown in Table 2, are only two of the many crystallizable backbones. Poly(ethylene adipate) and poly(letramethylene adipate) are also commonly used in urethane adhesives. The crystalline polyesters are used in curing hot melts, waterborne polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes, and solvent-borne urethane adhesives. The adipates are available mostly as diols. The poly(caprolactones) are available as diols and triols. 

Schollenberger added 2% of a polycarbodiimide additive to the same poly(tetra-methylene adipate) urethane with the high level of acid (AN = 3.66). After 9 weeks of 70°C water immersion, the urethane was reported to retain 84% of its original strength. Carbodiimides react quickly with residual acid to form an acyl urea, removing the acid catalysis contributing to the hydrolysis. New carbodiimides have been developed to prevent hydrolysis of polyester thermoplastics. Carbodiimides are also reported to react with residual water, which may contribute to hydrolysis when the urethane is exposed to high temperatures in an extruder [90]. 

Hydrosilation reactions have been one of the earlier techniques utilized in the preparation of siloxane containing block copolymers 22,23). A major application of this method has been in the synthesis of polysiloxane-poly(alkylene oxide) block copolymers 23), which find extensive applications as emulsifiers and stabilizers, especially in the urethane foam formulations 23-43). These types of reactions are conducted between silane (Si H) terminated siloxane oligomers and olefinically terminated poly-(alkylene oxide) oligomers. Consequently the resulting system contains (Si—C) linkages between different segments. Earlier developments in the field have been reviewed 22, 23,43> Recently hydrosilation reactions have been used effectively by Ringsdorf 255) and Finkelmann 256) for the synthesis of various novel thermoplastic liquid crystalline copolymers where siloxanes have been utilized as flexible spacers. Introduction of flexible siloxanes also improved the processibility of these materials. 

Stepwise addition polymerization is used in the preparation of segmented polyurethanes (compare Sect. 4.2.1), e.g., poly(ester ether) urethanes which also find application in thermoplastic elastomers. Here, both blocks are preformed separately and are linked together by reaction with isocyanates ... 

In an earlier investigation by the authors (2) poly(carbonate-co-urethane) resins consisting of 1,6-hexanediol, dimethyl carbonate, and 4,4 -diphenylmethanedi-isocyanate were prepared and used as flexible thermoplastic polyurethane resins. 

Texin (Series) Thermoplastic poly(urethane) (12) Bayer AG... 

PIB based thermoplastic poly(urethane)s (TPU)s have been synthesized. These composites exhibit enhanced mechanical properties. Poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) has been used as a compatibi-lizer. 

Tough Compositions. The toughness of a thermoplastic, rigid poly(urethane) (PU) can be markedly improved by incorporating ABS resin. The ABS resin is mass-polymerized. 

The principal kinds of thermoplastic resins include (1) acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins (2) acetals (3) acrylics (4) cellulosics (5) chlorinated polyelliers (6) fluorocarbons, sucli as polytelra-fluorclliy lene (TFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) (7) nylons (polyamides) (8) polycarbonates (9) poly elliylenes (including copolymers) (10) polypropylene (including copolymers) ( ll) polystyrenes and (12) vinyls (polyvinyl chloride). The principal kinds of thermosetting resins include (1) alkyds (2) allylics (3) die aminos (melamine and urea) (4) epoxies (5) phenolics (6) polyesters (7) silicones and (8) urethanes,... 

Burning may be considered another means of oxidation. Non-burning plastics are a must in commercial constructions according to building codes and are often required for automotive, electronic, and electrical applications. From the numerous thermoplastics, only the halogen-containing polymers, polyamides, polycarbonate, poly(phenylene oxide), polysulfone, and polyimides are self-extinguishing. Even these, such as poly (vinyl chloride), may become flammable when plasticized with a flammable plasticizer. Fire control can be the key to volume use of plastics. Polyester panels, urethane foam, and PVC tarpaulins account for nearly 90% of all fire retardants consumed. Consumption in 1967... 

A. (2.0) Ratio Polymers. 1. High Acid Number Polyester Glycol Effects Figure 2 shows the polymerization viscosity-time-temperature relations for three (2.0) ratio thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) elastomers. Numbers 1 and 2 were both made from the same reactant lots (I, II, and IX - Table I) at about the same reaction temperatures. 

B. (3.0) Ratio Polymers Effect of Urethane Group Concentration. Figure 5 shows the polymerization viscosity-time-temperature relations for a (3.0 ratio) thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) elastomer, Polymer 9. This polymer was made from reactants VI, IV, and X (Table I) the polyester glycol component being intermediate acid number PTAd (0.30). 

A. 1-Propanol. Figure 9 shows the polymerization viscosity-time-temperature relations for three (2.0) ratio thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) elastomers, Polymers 5,... 

Amoco Resin 18. [Amoco] Poly-a-methylstyrene extrusion and mending process aid in ABS, PVC, CPVC, and semirigid vinyl, thermoplastic urethanes, molded rubbers, and thermoplastic elastomers modifier and rein-forcer in adhesives, thermoplastic powd. coatings, hot-mielt coatings. 

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