United States policy

In June of 1995, The White House issued Presidential Decision Directive 39 (PDD-39), United States Policy of Counterterrorism. PDD-39 directed a number of measures to reduce the nation s vulnerability to terrorism, to deter and respond to terrorist acts, and to strengthen capabilities to prevent and manage the consequences of terrorist use of NBC weapons. The laws of the United States assign primary authority to the states to respond to the consequences of terrorism the federal government provides assistance as required. 

EDF (2007a) Not that innocent. A Comparative Analysis of Canadian, European Union and United States Policies on Industrial Chemicals. Washington, DC Environmental Defense (EDF). 

National Security Decision Memorandum 35 (1969). United States policy on chemical warfare program and bacteriolog-ical/biological research program. National Security Council, Washington, DC. 

Welsh, R., 1999, The Economics of Organic Grain and Soybean Production in the Midwestern United States, Policy Studies Report No. 13, Henry A. Wallace Institute for Alternative Agriculture, May. 

Cohen, Dean Rusk, p. 322 United States Policy toward Communist China, statement by Secretary Rusk to the Subcommittee on Far East and the Pacific of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, 16 March 1966, p. 5 DSB 57, p. 347. 

SNIE 13—61, p. 41 U. Alexis Johnson to Rusk, United States Policy on Shipments of Medicines and Food Grains to Communist China, 6 April 1962, FRUS 1961-, XXII, pp. 213—4 Fiarriman to Rusk, 13 April 1962, ibid., pp. 216—7. 

Komer to Bundy, 23 November 1964, ibid., p. 131 ConGen/HK to DoS, Communist China and Recommendations for United States Policy, 6 November 1964, Box 16, Thomson Papers, JFKL, p. i. 

Accinelli, Robert. Crisis and Commitment United States Policy toward Taiwan, 1950-lyyy. Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press, 1996. 

In addition to congressional action. Presidential Decision Directive 39 (PDD-39), United States Policy on Counterterrorism, was issued in June, 1995. It specifies the responsibilities of federal agencies and their relationships to one another in the conduct of crisis management and consequence management. As defined in PDD-39, crisis management involves actions to anticipate and prevent acts of terrorism. United States law assigns... 

J.H. Kelly, Statement included in Hearing on United States Policy toward Iraq Human Rights, Weapons Proliferation, and International Law, hereafter referred to as U.S. Policy toward Iraq, before the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate, 101st Congress, second session, 15 June 1990, pp. 6-8 Karsh and Rautsi, Saddam Hussein, p.l60 D. Hiro, Desert Shield to Desert Storm (London Paladin, 1992), p.46 J. Adams, Trading in Death Weapons, Warfare and the New Arms Race (London Hutchinson, 1990), p.l28. 

Kelly, Q2iXmg...United States Policy Toward Iraq, p.8 see also Webster, Hearings...Spread, p.25 Holmes, Statement included in Hearings... Chemical Weapons Proliferation, p. 11. 

Kelly, Statement included in Hearing... United States Policy Toward Iraq, pp.6, 29 see also L. Freedman and E. Karsh, The Gulf Conflict 1990-1991 Diplomacy and War in the New World Order (London Faber Faber, 1993), pp.34-7. 

Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Policy toward Iraq Human Rights, Weapons Proliferation, and International Law, 101st Congress, second session, 15 June 1990. 

Policy and strategy were in the making. The Allied leaders decided at the January Casablanca Conference to revive the build-up in the United Kingdom and took a number of actions during 1943 to flesh out that decision. In November 1942 the Combined Chiefs of Staff had briefly turned their attention to gas warfare and now an Allied as well as a United States policy was emerging. This policy required (i) a co-operative American and British effort aimed at arranging the defensive preparedness of all United Nations troops and (2) the accumulation of sufficient toxic munitions to make immediate retaliation possible should the enemy initiate gas warfare anywhere in the world. ... 

Chemicals in Combat is the last of three volumes concerned with the activities of the Chemical Warfare Service in World War II. It is devoted to the overseas story—administration, logistics, and combat. In World War II the CWS faced a unique situation, in that it found itself in the unenviable position of preparing for an unconventional kind of warfare that never came to pass. Yet, even as it served as insurance in the event of the introduction of gas by the enemy (United States policy permitted the use of gas only in retaliation), it also had to be useful in a gasless war. 

Reynolds, S.P. (1996) The German recycling experiment and its lessons for United States Policy. The Villanova Environmental Law Journal 6, Issue 1. 

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