United Nations Programme

UNAIDS Joint and Co-sponsored United Nations Programme on Human... 

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 2004. 2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. Geneva UNAIDS. Available at http //www.unaids.org/bangkok2004/report.html [Accessed April 12, 2005]. 

United Nations Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNCHR/UNAIDS). 2003. HIV/AIDS and Human Rights International Guidelines Third International Consultation on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights (revised Guideline 6). UNAIDS/02.49E. 

AIDS Epidemic Update 2004, Joint United Nations Programme of HIV/AIDS, Available at www.unaids.org/wad2004/report.html. 

HIV infection in humans is now pandemic. As of January 2006, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on December 1, 1981, making it one of the most destructive pandemics in recorded history. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries. An alternative therapy to circumvent this problem is the use of polyanionic substances, which demonstrated a number of promising features as potential anti-HIV drug candidates. In this respect, various SPs (e.g., heparin, DS, dextrin sulfate, cyclo dextrin sulfate, curdlan sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, mannan sulfate, sulfoevernan, and fucoidan) and derivatives thereof (e.g., O-acylated heparin, polyacetal polysulfate, polyvinyl alcohol sulfate, and modified cyclo dextrin sulfates) have been found to inhibit HIV replication in vitro at concentrations that are up to 10 000-fold lower than the cytotoxic concentration [2,71]. 

United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS World Health Organization. (2004). AIDS epidemic update. UNAIDS/04. Geneva UNAIDS/WHO. 

Earth Summit, Agenda 21, The United Nations programme of Action from Rio, New York, UN Department of Public Information, 1993. 

Earth Summit Agenda 21 — The United Nations Programme of Action from Rio, United Nations, New York, April 1993, ISBN 92-l-l(X)509-4, Chapter 38, para. 38.4, p. 274. 

Summary of United Nations Programmes used to Manage Chemicals... 

There is now a wealth of good data available on the chemical properties of many of the 11 million substances listed in Chemical Abstracts. However, of the 100,000-t- substances listed in various inventories, eg, EINECS, the available toxicological and ecotoxicological data which is freely and publicly available is often limited. Whilst many of the sources of these data are outlined in the chapters by Cowie and Richardson, Deschamps, Pantry, Pembleton, etc., it is regrettable that much of these important data remain solely locked away in the filing systems of some of the multinational chemical companies. Whilst it may neither be pragmatic nor in their interests to make these data totally available to all, they should at least be made available freely to the United Nations programmes. 

The United Nations programmes are and will be taking a major role. It is vital that, as a minimum requirement, innovators and regulators on an international basis provide the programmes with all relevant toxicological and ecotoxicological data. 

The agency, UNAIDS, is known as the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. It sees itself as an innovative joint venture of the United Nations family, bringing together the efforts and resources of ten UN system organizations in the AIDS response... 

Zero tolerance for gender-based violence [Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2010a]. 

The Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recently estimated that a total of 33.4 million people were living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at the end of 1998 [1]. Of them, the overwhelming majority lives unaware of the infection in the developing world, where HIV is spreading rapidly. However, more than 1.5 million HIV-infected people are currently living in the western... 

UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS), UNICEF (United Nations Children s Fund), and USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development). 2004. Children on the Brink 2004 A Joint Report of New Orphan Estimates and a Frameworkfor Action. New York UNICEF. 

The African Union Commission (AUC), Pan African Parliament (PAP), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank (WB), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAl) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)... 

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