UHPLC performance liquid

A much more sensitive technique than NMR is MS detection combined with various separation techniques (e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography, UHPLC capillary electrophoresis, CE gas chromatography, GC) that allow previous separation of metabolites. The application of MS enables analysis of large number of metabolites based on their interactions with the separation system and, above all, on the basis of their molecular weights. 

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography has been increasingly used for the determination of multi-residue or multi-class antibiotics in food (Table 6.1). For example, an UHPLC/ESI-MS/MS method was reported to simultaneously analyze 17 different veterinary drug residues belonging to several classes of antibiotics such as macrolides, tetracyclines, quinolones, and sulfonamides... 

UHPLC Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography... 

UHPLC 11 856 Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography... 

Apart from the mentioned technological advances, the separation power and selectivity of HPLC have been drastically improved over the last years. In this context, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) represents a relatively new category of analytical coupled techniques that respects the principles of the classic HPLC-MS while bringing some improvements in chromatographic resolution, speed, and sensitivity. 

There are a variety of HPLC columns and most of them are based on silica particles. The most popular column used today is the reversed-phase Cl8 column that uses a silica support with a bonded organic surface layer. Traditional HPLC analytical columns are usually 4.6 mm x 250 mm with a 5 pm particle size, as used in the USP official method. Modern columns for HPLC-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) applications are more efficient and offer the same or better resolving power in a much smaller package (2.1 mm x 150 mm with a 3.5 pm particle size or smaller). Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) columns (sub 2pm particle size, 1-2 mm in diameter and 30-100 mm in length) are becoming more and more popular. 

UHPLC ultra high performance liquid chromatography USP United States Pharmacopeia... 

With the advent of fast analytical methods (fast gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)) [27-29], it appears that the extraction methods are the bottleneck for most of the analytical processes. Thus, there is a need for appropriate fast and efficient extractimi steps for plant samples. 

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) or ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) is a quite novel technique, but it is one of the most popular nowadays, due to the fact that it is much more rapid than conventional LC. UHPLC systems can work at very high pressures and are compatible with stationary phases with particle sizes of around two micrometers or even smaller. Thus, the development of UHPLC methods [69,77, 80] or the conversion of HPLC to UHPLC methods is a current trend, due mainly to the speed of analysis and low solvent use. 

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