U Butyl alcohol

Normal butyl alcohol, propyl carbinol, n-butanol, 1-buianol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH. B.p. 117 C. Manufactured by reduction of crotonaldehyde (2-buienal) with H2 and a metallic catalyst. Forms esters with acids and is oxidized first to butanal and then to butanoic acid. U.S. production 1978 300 000 tonnes. 

As of January 1, 1990, the total U.S. capacity of 1-butanol was 591,000 t per year. Capacity for an additional 545,000 t per year of -butyl alcohol is operated in Western Europe and Southeast Asia (10). 

Tri-n-butyi borate [688-74-4] M 230.2, b 232.4 , u 1.4092, d 0.857. The chief impurities are n-butyl alcohol and boric acid (from hydrolysis). It must be handled in a dry-box, and can readily be purified by fractional distillation, under reduced pressure. 

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has identified several hundred MTBE-contaminated sites that have performed treatment of soil and groundwater to remove or destroy MTBE.1 Many of these sites have also treated other fuel components, primarily benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), and some have treated fuel oxygenates other than MTBE. Although others have reported about treatment technologies for MTBE cleanup,2 only limited information has been published about cleanup of other oxygenates. These oxygenates include ether compounds, such as ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), and tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), as well as alcohol compounds, such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), tert-amyl alcohol (TAA), ethanol, and methanol. 

The pyridine was a pure product, b.p. 113-115°, obtained from the Mallinckrodt Chemical Company. /-Butyl alcohol, m.p. 24.5-25.5°, and chloroform (u.s.p. or reagent grade) were obtained from the Matheson Company. All reagents were used as supplied. 

Ca5(P04)3F + lOHCl = 3H3PO4 + 5CaCl2 + HF Various organic extractants may be used, including butyl and amyl alcohols, di-isopropyl ether, tri-u-butyl phosphate, and tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate. The fluoride remains with the... 

In 1977 the U.S. EPA began allowing the use of r-butyl alcohol up to 7%. More recently 50 50 mixtures of /-butyl alcohol and methyl alcohol are being used, and ethyl alcohol has also become popular. When 10% ethyl alcohol is mixed with gasoline it is called gasohol and it is popular in states with good com crops, since the alcohol can be made from com fermentation. 

Figure 1.5 Solid-liquid equilibria for [C4CjIm]Cl ( ), or [CioCilmJCl (A), or [C CjImJCl ( ) with ferf-butyl alcohol. (Adapted from Domariska, U., Bogel-Lukasik, E., and Bogel-Lukasik, R., /. Phi/. Chem. B, 107,1858,2003 Domariska, U. and Bogel-Lukasik, E., Fluid Phase Equilib., 218,123, 2004.)...

TrfchlorobenzaIdehyde, A it8 Trichloro-l,L-benzoquinone, AF12 u),u),urTrichloro-tert-butyl alcohol,... 

Knifton JF, Sanderson JR, Stockton ME. The use of reactive distillation in the catalytic dehydration of teriary-butyl alcohol to produce anhydrous isobutylene. U.S. Patent 5,811,620, Huntsman Specialty Chemicals Corp., 1998. 

The pyrazolo[l,2-a]pyridazine (55) reacts with sodium methoxide in boiling methanol, presumably via preliminary deprotonation at benzylic carbon. After 8 h a mixture of (56 72%) and the Hofmann-type elimination product (57 12%) is obtained, but after 25 h only (57 75%) is isolated. The imino bond u 1640 cm ) of (57) may be saturated with sodium borohydride. With potassium t-butoxide in t-butyl alcohol at reflux, the rearranged isoindole (58) is obtained (Scheme 22) (74CPB2142). Scheme 23 shows a rearrangement similar to (55) (56) for which a radical mechanism has been suggested. However, here,... 

Rolitetracydlne, U5P. Rolitetracyclinc. Af-(pyrrolidi-nomcthyDtctracycline (Syntetrin) was introduced for u.sc by intramuscular nr intravenous injection. This derivative is made by condensing tetracycline with pyrrolidine and formaldehyde in the presence of rerr-butyl alcohol. It is very soluble in water (I g dissolves in about I mL) and provides a means of injecting the antibiotic in a small volume of... 

CAS 64-17-5. Ethanol to which another liquid has been added to make it unfit to use as a beverage (chiefly for tax reasons). In the U.S., it may be either Completely Denatured (CDA) or Specially Denatured (SDA). At least 50 formulations are officially authorized for making denatured alcohol. They include the following denaturants SDA 40B must contain brucine, brucine sulfate, or quassin plus tert-butanol SDA 40A must contain sucrose octaacetate plus tert-butyl alcohol SDA 40B must contain Bi-trex [Macfarlan] and tert-butyl alcohol SDA40C must contain only rm-butyl alcohol. For exact formulas, consult 27CFR Part 21 and the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division of IRS, Washington D.C. Properties See ethanol. 

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