Type III Events

A Type III workplace violence event consists of an assault by an individual who has some employment-related involvement with the workplace. Generally, a lype III event involves a threat of violence, or a physical act of violence resulting in a fatal or nonfatal injury to an employee, supervisor, or manager of the affected workplace by the following types of individuals  

Type III events account for a much smaller proportion of fatal workplace injuries. Type 111 events accounted for only 10% of workplace homicides. Nevertheless, lype III fatalities often attract significant media attention and are incorrectly characterized by many as representing the workplace 

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT A PRACTICAL APPROACH 

At first glance, a lype 111 assailant s actions may defy reasonable explanation. Often, his or her actions are motivated by perceived difficulties in his or her relationship with the victim, or with the affected workplace, and by psychosocial factors that are peculiar to the assailant. 

Even though incomplete, existing data indicate that the number of Type 111 events resulting in nonfatal injury, or in no physical injury at all, greatly exceeds the number of fatal Type 111 events. Indeed, the most prevalent Type 111 event may involve threats and other types of verbal harassment. 

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Since Type III events are more closely tied to anployer and employee relations than are Type I or 11 events, an employer s considerate and respectful management of his or her employees represents an effective strategy for preventing Type HI events. Some woikplace violence researchers have pointed out that employer actions that are perceived by an employee to place his or her continuing employment status in jeopardy can be triggering events for a workplace violence event, e.g., layoffs or reduction-in-force actions and disciplinary actions such as suspensions and terminations. Thus, where actions such as these are contemplated, they should be carried out in a manner that is designed to minimize the potential for related Type 111 events. 

In the Type III pile, an apparent wetting front created by several artificial rainfall events conducted in late 2006 led to an elevated zone of moisture in the upper 3 m of the pile. Rainfall events late in the summer 2007, linked to two tracer tests, resulted in a wetting front that penetrated to a depth of approximately 8 m. This moisture was subsequently mobilized through the summer 2008 season as the pile warmed above 0°C (Neuner et al. 2009). 

Outflow at the base of the Type III pile includes components originating as snowmelt on the batters of the pile, and infiltration of rainfall on the batters and, potentially, the top surface of the pile. The Type I test pile has only received natural rainfall events, resulting in cumulative outflow approximately one order of magnitude lower than the Type III pile. The Type I pile is apparently still accumulating water, with only the batters yielding flow at the base (Neuner et al. 2009). 

The NRG1 C-terminal intracellular domain (NRG1-ICD) is required for membrane insertion, intracellular trafficking, and surface expression for Type I NRG1 isoforms. In addition, the NRG1-ICD mediates novel signal transduction events, at least for the Type III isoforms. The importance of the NRG1-ICD has been substantiated from several lines of direct and indirect evidence. 

One of the most widespread examples of phenylethanoid glycosides is verbascoside, also called acteoside, which has been obtained form sources belonging to different plant families. This compound, isolated from Lantana camara (Verbenaceae), was characterised as an inhibitor of rat brain PKC, with an IC50 value of 25 iM. This effect was abolished by adding ATP, which indicated a competitive interaction with the nucleotide. The inhibition was non-competitive with respect to the phosphate acceptor, histones type IIIS in this case, but other kinases, such as PTK from a lymphoma cell line or PKA, were not inhibited. In order to translate the biochemical effect to a related cellular event, the ability of verbascoside to reduce the proliferation of the lymphocytic mouse leukaemia L-1210 cells was examined. This compound showed an IC50 value of 13 pM [32]. 

Censoring Type III Type III is differentiated from Type I and II censored data, by the censored times that are not identical, even for subjects who do not drop out of a study. This type of censoring occurs when the study is of fixed duration, and the event of interest is duration of a response that is first observed at a random time after the start of the study. As the starting time of the response is random, the censoring time for all subjects who remain enrolled at the end of the study will also be random. 

Fig. 26. Representation of the course of events in the oleate coacervate. If the non-polar group is predominant, only condensation takes place (type I, for example amyl alcohol in Fig. 25). Afterwards a type can make its appearance (II) in which the same things occur at first as in the first type, followed by an opening action (propyl alcohol in Fig. 25). Finally there are substances which only exhibit an opening action (type III, methyl alcohol in Fig. 25.) (After Bungenberg de Jong, Saubert, and Booij, 1938).

Evaluation of events judged negligible due to low probability—black swans type iii). This can include looking into historical events and experts not following the dominant way of thinking. 

Assumption deviation risk assessment Evaluations to reveal potential unknown knowns (black swans type ii)), i.e. knowledge about the topic not possessed by the group, but which others may possess Evaluations of events judged to not occur due to negligible probability (black swans type iii)) Evaluations to reveal potential weaknesses and gaps in the knowledge underpinning the risk analysis Scenarios/con sequences Probabilities... 

A number of assumptions are made in safety analysis pertaining to the aspects unique to this type of event (Table III). 

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