Turner studies

Emily Gertrude Turner,77 the second of two daughters, was born on 16 April 1888 to John Wesley Turner and Annie Hague of Manchester. She was educated at Wellgate Council School, then she completed a B.Sc. in chemistry at Sheffield in 1909, followed by an M.Sc. in 1911. During 1911-1912, Turner studied for an... 

Bradshaw, Howman, and Turner studied olehn disproportionation in greater depth, under conditions allowing a closer examination of the mechanism (27). With minimum double-bond isomerization (controlled poisoning with sodium ion), the reaction was shown to be highly selective and reversible. 1-Butene, for example, gave the expected equilibrium conversion to ethylene and 3-hexene. 

Cheeseman and Turner studied chemical shifts and C—H coupling... 

The pattern of expression of the reeeptors is based on immunoloealisation studies eondueted by eolleagues where + represents the intensity of immunostaining and — where expression eould not be deteeted. The presenee of aromatase aetivity in Sertoli eells has been reported in the literature. Aromatase may also be expressed in fetal Leydig eells and efferent duets (K. J. Turner, unpublished observations). 

Pore diffusion limitation was studied on a very porous catalyst at the operating conditions of a commercial reactor. The aim of the experiments was to measure the effective diffiisivity in the porous catalyst and the mass transfer coefficient at operating conditions. Few experimental results were published before 1970, but some important mathematical analyses had already been presented. Publications of Clements and Schnelle (1963) and Turner (1967) gave some advice. 

Turner, J.N. and Szarowski, D.H. (1993) in Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterisation, eds. Cahn, R.W. and Lifshin, E. (Pergamon Press, Oxford) p. 68. Unwin, D.J. (1990) in Physicists Look Back Studies in the History of Physics, ed. Roche, J. (Adam Hilger, Bristol) p. 237. 

In 1888, Combes described condensation of 2,4-pentadione (acetylacetone) 5 with aniline 1 to provide enamine 6. Subsequent warming in sulfuric acid provided quinoline 7. An excellent study describing scope and limitations of the Combes reaction was published in 1928 by Roberts and Turner. The authors noted that the ease of... 

The whole question of cineol determination in eucalyptus oil has recently been catefully. studied by Turner and Holmes, who consider that all methods so far published arc either inaccurate or at best only Approximate. They suggest the following process... 

Turner, M. E.., Further Studies on the Influence of Water Composition on the Dezincihcation of Duplex Brass Fittings , Proc. Soc. Water Treat. Exam., 14, 81 (1965) C.A., 63, 15984e Frade, G. and Lacombe, P., Influence of Intergranular Diffusion in the Kinetics of Dezincihcation of 70/30 Brasses Without Additions at 450-900 C , Compt. Rend., 260, 5022 (1965) C.A., 63, 5323c... 

Chlorides have probably received the most study in relation to their effect on corrosion. Like other ions, they increase the electrical conductivity of the water so that the flow of corrosion currents will be facilitated. They also reduce the effectiveness of natural protective films, which may be permeable to small ions the effect of chloride on stainless steel is an extreme example but a similar effect is noted to a lesser degree with other metals. Turner" has observed that the meringue dezincification of duplex brasses is affected by the chloride/bicarbonate hardness ratio. 

For a long time the structural classification of the mineral todorokite was uncertain, until Turner and Buseck [4] could demonstrate by HRTEM investigations that the crystal structure of that mineral consists of triple chains of edge-sharing octahedra, which form [3 x 3] tunnels by further corner-sharing. These tunnels are partially filled by Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, K+, and water (according to the chemical analysis of natural todorokites). In 1988 Post and Bish could perform a Rietveld structure determination from XRD data taken for a sample of natural todorokite [25], This diffraction study confirmed the results of Turner and Buseck. The cations... 

Turner et al. (2004) studied the independent variables relative surface roughness, Knudsen number and Mach number and their influence on the friction factor. The micro-channels were etched into silicon wafers, capped with glass, with hydraulic diameters between 5 and 96 pm. Their surface roughness was 0.002 < ks< 0.06 pm for the smooth channels, and 0.33 < / < 1 -6 pm for the glass-capped ones. The surface roughness of the glass micro-channels was measured to be in the range 0.0014 [Pg.39]

Most published studies relate only to isothermal experiments. Hence, in order to make such comparisons we modified our computations to assume isothermal conditions. Figure 11 compares our kinetic model with data by Hui and Hamielec for styrene thermal polymerization at 1A0°C. Figure 12 compares out kinetic model with data by Balke and Hamielec (7) for MMA at 90 C using 0.3 AIBN. Figure 13 compares our kinetic model with data by Lee and Turner ( ) for MMA at 70°C using 2% BPO. Our model compares quite favorably with these published experiments. The percent error was less than S% in most of the ranges of conversions. 

A very attractive and efficient method for the synthesis of L-aminoacids via DKR has been reported by Turner et al. [41a,b]. They employed enzyme-catalyzed ring opening of 5(4H)-oxazolones in combination with a catalytic amount of Et3N. The relatively low pKa of the C-4 proton (8.9) of oxazolones facilitates racemization. Hydrolysis of the ester obtained through DKR, followed by debenzoylation, yields L-aminoacids in excellent enantiomeric excess (99.5%) (Figure 4.16). In their initial studies, they employed Rhizomucor miehei lipase (Lipozyme) as the biocatalyst [41]. More recently, they have obtained excellent results employing CALB [41bj. This method has also been employed by Bevinakatti [41c,d] and Sih [41e,fj. 

Some wild species have larger capacities for osmotic adjustment, a trait which may improve yield during drought (Table 3, Turner, 1986). Interesting examples of this are Dubautia species from Hawaii which differ in osmotic adjustment mainly as a result of differences in cell wall elasticity. Interspecific hybrids can be made which have intermediate properties (Robichaux, Holsinger Morse, 1986). Material such as this could make a basis for the molecular study of differences in cell wall elasticity. 

In order to understand the potential for haem proteins to mediate the oxidative modification of LDLs, the interaction between ruptured erythrocytes (Paganga et al., 1992) and ruptured myocytes (Bourne etal., 1994) with LDL has been explored. Previous studies from this group have demonstrated that ferryl myoglobin radicals and ruptured cardiac myocytes, which generate ferryl myoglobin species on activation (Turner et al., 1990,... 

Chung, L.Y., Schmidt, R.J., Andrews, A.M. and Turner, T.D. (1993). A study of hydrogen peroxide generation by, and antioxidant activity of, Granuflex (Duo Derm) hydrocolloid granules and some other hydrogel/hydrocolloid wound management materials. Br. J. Dermatol. 129, 145-153. 

Thomas LE, Hawkesworth CJ, Van Calsteren P, Turner SP, Rogers NW (1999) Melt generation beneath ocean islands A U-Th-Ra isotope study from Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 63 4081-4099... 

Although these considerations are theoretically reasonable, there are very few case studies where these complexities have been explicitly demonstrated. However, it is important to note that several studies have shown that source heterogeneities could play a role in producing the observed U-Th disequilibria (Hirschmann et al. 1999, Turner et al. 1997). It has been argued in the case of the Azores region that the volatile content in the... 

George R, Turner S, Hawkesworth C, Morris J, Nye C, Ryan J, Zheng S-H (2003) Melting proeesses and flnid and sediment transport rates along the Alaska-Aleutian arc from an integrated U-Th-Ra-Be isotope study. J Geophys Res (in press). 

Turner S, McDermott F, Hawkesworth C, Kepezhinskas P (1998) A U-series study of lavas from Kamchatka and the Alentians constraints on somce composition and melting processes. Contrib Mineral Petrol 133 217-234... 

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