Tubes, specifications for

You may not be able to fix it. Zirconium columns have a different chemical structure than silica. They are more pH resistant and can be used at elevated temperatures, but they run differently than a silica Ci8. First, find out if it has a chemically bonded tetraphosphonic acid chelator. If not, you may have to add a chelator to the mobile phase. If you are not getting sharp peaks, make sure you have made new inlet tubing specifically for this column. Old tubing can ruin the performance of a new column. Run a standard mix on both columns and see how they differ. This column can give you the ability to separate mixture that you can t separate on a reverse-phase silica column. 

A tube manufacturer wanted to investigate the possibility for on-line measurement, calculation and presentation of eccentricity values on aluminum tubes when drawn at high velocities. Based on our experience from development of tube inspection systems [1, 2] for off-line inspection of precision tubes, a project was formulated. The main specifications for the tube manufacturing are summarized below ... 

Most recovery boilers use 63,5 mm OD carbon steel tubes in the generating bank. With a few exceptions these tubes are swaged at the ends to 50,8 mm. When the 63,5 mm raw tube is manufactured it is subject to a lot of specifications i.e. ASME. There are no specifications for the swaged end of the tube. This is unfortunate as the swaged part of the tube is subjected to further mechanical deformation dtuing the rolling procedure and is located in a wastage zone of tire recovery boiler. 

S ample Analysis. The fohowing procedure is used for sample analysis (/) after sample connections are made and the sample tubing purged for 30 minutes, the tubing is connected to the sampling manifold which serves to distribute sample gas to each of the analy2ers, and should analy2ers have specific pressure... 

Specifications for the principal LPG products are summarized in Table 4. Detailed specifications and test methods for LPG are pubHshed by the Gas Processor s Association (GPA) (3) and ASTM (4). The ASTM specification for special-duty propane and GPA specification for propane HD-5 apply to propane that is intended primarily for engine fuel. Because most domestic U.S. LPG is handled through copper tubing, which could fail if corroded, all products must pass the copper strip corrosion test. A test value of No. 1 represents a LPG noncorrosive to the copper. 

Microwave tubes for other ISM bands are not commonly available as tubes designed specifically for ISM use. Available tubes, generally of military and communications types, are more expensive. Reasonably priced tubes exist at 0.915 GHz at high (>25 kW) power, but not at 5.8 GHz and higher, or at... 

The alloys of titanium utilised in industrial applications have compositional specifications tabulated by ASTM. The ASTM specification number is given in Table 14 for the commercially important alloys. MiUtary specifications are found under MIL-T-9046 and MIL-T-9047, and aerospace material specifications for bar, sheet, tubing, and wine under specification numbers 4900—4980. Every large aircraft company has its own set of alloy specifications. 

S s, s Cross-sectional area S for minimum cross-sectional area between rows of tubes, flow normal to tubes 5,, for tube-to-baffle leakage area for one baffle for shell-to-baffle area for one baffle for area for flow through window S, g for gross window area S, for window area occupied by tubes Slope of rotary shell Specific gravity of fluid referred to liquid water m fft... 

Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers for General Piefineiy Seivices, API Standard 660, 4th ed., 1982, is published by the American Petroleum Institute to supplement both the TEMA Standards and the ASME Code. Many companies in the chemical and petroleum processing fields have their own standards to supplement these various requirements. The Jnterrelation.ships between Codes, Standards, and Customer Specifications for Proce.ss Heat Tran.sfer Equipment is a symposium volume which was edited by F. L. Rubin and pubhshed by ASME in December 1979. (See discussion of pressure-vessel codes in Sec. 6.)... 

Specification for wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for engineering purposes bars, extruded round tubes and sections 7,13/1991 B.S 1474/1987 6362, 209-1. 2... 

A cylindrical tube in a chemical plant is subjected to an excess internal pressure of 6 MN m , which leads to a circumferential stress in the tube wall. The tube wall is required to withstand this stress at a temperature of 510°C for 9 years. A designer has specified tubes of 40 mm bore and 2 mm wall thickness made from a stainless alloy of iron with 15% by weight of chromium. The manufacturer s specification for this alloy gives the following information ... 

Main fuel injector. This unit is designed to deliver a fuel-air mixture to the catalyst that is uniform in composition, temperature, and velocity. A multi-venturi tube (MVT) fuel injection system was developed by GE specifically for this purpose. It consists of 93 individual venturi tubes arrayed across the flow path, with four fuel injection orifices at the throat of each venturi. 

The tubes are calibrated specifically for the same brand of pump and may give erroneous results if used with a pump of another brand. A limitation of many detector tubes is the lack of specificity. Many indicators are not highly selective and... 

Direct reading samplers include simple devices such as colorimetric indicating tubes in which a color change indicates the presence of the contaminant in air passed through the tube, or instruments which are more or less specific for a particular substance. In the latter category are carbon monoxide indicators, combustible gas indicators (explosimeters) and mercury vapor meters, as well as a number of other instruments. 

Since no device is completely specific for the substances of interest, care must be taken that interferences do not invalidate the sampling results. Many common gases and vapors react with the same chemicals, or have similar physical properties, so that the instrument may give falsely high or low readings for the substance being sampled. The manufacturer s data for colorimetric indicating tubes lists those substances which may interfere with the desired determination. 

Both of these functions f and g are specific for the solid material in question and to some extent also for the diameter of the tube and the mixture ratio p. The great advantage of Eq. (14.113) is that no material or particle friction factors are needed. 

Rohren-halter, m. tube (or pipe) holder, tube (or pipe) clamp, -kassie, /. pur ng cassia, -kleuune, /. tube clamp, -kiibler, m. tubular condenser, tube condenser tubular cooler, -libelle, /. spirit level, air level, -lot, n. pipe solder, -manna, /. flake manna, -nudeln, /.pi. macaroni, -ofen, m. tube furnace (for heating tubes liable to explosion) pipe still, -pulver, n. (Expl.) perforated powder, -struktur, /. tubular structure, -substanz, /. (Anat.) medullary substance, -trager, m. tube (or pipe) support, -wachs, n. petroleum ceresin. -werk, n. tubing piping tube mill, -wischer, m. tube brush, -wulst, n. tubular tore, doughnut , -zelle, /. tubular cell, specif. (Bot.) tracheid. 

CD = tube length for vaporization, ft. Figure 10-110. c or Cp = heat capacity or specific heat at constant pressure, Btu/lb(°F) or, heat capacity of condensate, pcu/lb(°C)... 

The following are excerpts from API Specification 5A, 35th Edition (March 1981), API Specification for Casing, Tubing, and Drill Pipe. ... 

API Specification 5B API Specification for Threading, Gaging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads, API, Dallas, March 1979. 

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