Tropical developers characteristics

Tea was introduced by the Dutch into Indonesia with seed that originated in China and Japan. As was characteristic of tropical areas, the industry developed only after replacement of planting stock with Assam varieties in 1878.9... 

High temperature film processing not only now permits film to be processed in the tropics and in high temperature locations but allows the specially hardened emulsions to develop very rapidly with no detrimental changes in their characteristics Color Photography... 

A shrubby tree native to Ethiopia, coffee is now cultivated in many tropical countries throughout the world. Its bright red fruits, called cherries, each contain two seeds, or beans. The raw beans are gray-green and odorless, but when roasted they turn dark brown and develop their characteristic aroma and flavor. Legend has it that coffee was first discovered long ago by Ethio-... 

Rubber is obtained from the juice of various tropical trees, mainly the tree Hevea brasiliensis. The juice is a latex consisting of a dispersion of polymer phase at a concentration of about 35% by mass, together with traces of proteins, sterols, fats, and. salts. The rubber is obtained either by coagulation of the latex with acid, either elhanoic or methanoic, or by evaporation in air or over a flame. The material that results from this process is a crumbly, cheese-like substance, sometimes called raw rubber or caoutchouc. In order to develop the mechanical properties that are considered characteristic of rubber, Le. so-called rubberlike elasticity, this raw rubber needs further processing, and in particular lightly crosslinking. This is achieved in the process known as vulcanisation, as will be discussed later. 

Plasmodium vivax, the cause of benign tertian malaria, produces milder clinical attacks than those of P. falciparum, and death is uncommon even in untreated cases. The build-up of immunity in the host rapidly controls the infection and schizonts disappear from the blood stream. The exo-erythro-cytic forms in the liver, unaffected by immunity, continue asexual division and reinvade the circulation when immunity has fallen once more these relapses are characteristic of vivax malaria and occur for at least two years after the primary infection. Infections due to P. ovale also follow a tertian pattern, but are much milder and more responsive to therapy than those due to P. vivax and relapses are less frequent. Infections due to both these parasites often display a prolonged incubation period between the primary infection and the development of malarial symptoms. P. vivax is widely distributed north and south of the equator, extending from the tropics to the temperate zones, while P. ovale is restricted to tropical Africa and the western Pacific. 

Yunnan Province, China, is world-wide famous for abundant growing of a variety of plants flora of the tropical, subtropical and temperate zones as well as flora which are characteristic of high mountain zone. These have attracted much attention of botanists and phytochemists of the world in view of plant systematics and development of new plant resources as well. 

Palm trees are considered among one of the oldest plants on the earth, and their records date back 120 million years. They are the most characteristic components of tropical forests that have important features that ensure the sustainable development of agricultural and horticultural systems. These features are due to the variability of shapes, structures in communities of palm trees and various products they offer. 

It is probable that our ancestors of several million years ago developed the characteristics leading to our modem biochemistry by eating animal fats (Crawford and Marsh, 1989 Sinclair and O Dea, 1990 O Dea, 1991). At first glance this should simplify discussion of animal fats, as shown by the basic fatty acids of Table 10.1. A popular shorthand notation is used to indicate the stmctures of common fatty acids. In the format x yn-z, x is the chain length or number of carbons in the chain, y is the number of methylene-interrupted cis ethylenic bonds and z is the inclusive number of carbon atoms from the terminal methyl group to the center of the nearest bond. As few as six fatty acids appear to adequately describe animal depot fats. Those fats listed are dominated by two fatty acids, 16 0 (palmitic) and 18 1 (oleic) add. Although tropical seed oils may be rich in C12-C18 saturated fatty adds (Elson, 1992), temperate oilseeds are rich in oleic acid and tend to include quantities of two fatty acids more unsaturated than oleic, especially 18 2n-6 (linoleic), and sometimes 18 3n-3 (linolenic). Even the original rapeseed (Brassica sp.) oil, with up to 50% of 22 ln-9 (emdc) acid usually had approximately 20% 18 2/1-6 and 10% 18 3/i-3 adds (Ackman 1983, 1990). 

It was into one of the heated tanks at Chatsworth that Paxton first placed a cutting of a giant water lily obtained from Kew Gardens. The seeds had been brought back from tropical British Guiana in 1837, but the plant did not thrive at Kew. Under Paxton s care, however, the plant developed the huge leaves and beautiful flowers characteristic of such lilies. He named the flower Victoria regia (now properly called Victoria amazonica, since the plant had been so named before Paxton s involvement with it) and presented a bud to the queen. 

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