Triton 20 percent

An ellipsoidal nucleus with two spherons in the inner core has major radius greater than the minor radii by the radius of a spheron. about 1.5 f, which is about 25 percent of the mean radius. The amount of deformation given by this model is accordingly in rough agreement with that observed (18). In a detailed treatment it would be necessary to take into account the effect of electrostatic repulsion in causing the helions to tend to occupy the poles of the prolate mantle, with tritons tending to the equator. 

Prepare a solution consisting of 2.5 ml glycerol, 100 pi of 10 percent Triton X-100 (Thermo Fisher Surfact-Amps X-100), and 10 pi 2-mercaptoethanol. 

Prepare a chitin affinity column by washing with at least 10 bed volumes of 25 mM HEPES, 250mM NaCl, ImM EDTA, 0.1 percent Triton X-100, pH 7.0 (wash buffer). 

The initial mixture and each time point are then assayed for doxorubicin and lipid. Lipid concentrations can be quantified by the phosphate assay (see above) or by liquid scintillation counting of an appropriate radiolabel. Doxorubicin is quantified by an absorbance assay (see below). The percent uptake at any time point (e.g., t = 30 minutes) is determined by %-uptake = [(D/L), =30minutes] x 100/[(D/L) inuiai]. Doxorubicin can be assayed by both a fluorescence assay and an absorbance assay, but we find the latter to be more accurate. The standard curve consists of four to five cuvettes containing 0 to 150 nmol doxorubicin in a volume of 0.1 mL samples to be assayed are of the same volume. To each tube is added 0.9 mL of 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 (in water) solution. For saturated lipid systems such as DSPC/Chol, the tubes should be heated in a boiling water bath for 10 to 15 seconds, until the detergent turns cloudy. Samples are allowed to cool, and absorbance is read at 480 nm on a UV/Visible spectrophotometer. 

In order to more closely represent the volatilization environment that would be encountered in an evaporation pond, Triton X-100, a non-ionic emulsifier similar to those used in some pesticide formulations, was added to prepared pesticide solutions at 1000 ppm. The presence of this emulsifier caused a decrease in the percent pesticide volatilized in one day in all cases except for mevinphos (Table VI). Three mechanisms are probably in operation here. First, Triton X-100 micelles will exist in solution because its concentration of 1000 ppm is well above its critical micelle concentration of 194 ppm (30). Pesticide may partition into these micelles, reducing the free concentration in water available for volatilization, which will in turn reduce the Henry s law constant for the chemical (31). Second, the pesticides may exhibit an affinity for the thin film of Triton that exists on the water surface. One can no longer assume that equilibrium exists across the air-water interface, and a Triton X-100 surface film resistance... 

Table VI. Percent Volatilization of Five Organophosphorus Pesticides in the Presence and Absence of Triton X-100...

The raw data presented for the Triton X-100 experiments have been presented previously (Deitsch and Smith 1995) in a modified form. The distributed rate model was fit to the CFSTR desorption data (Figures 2 - 5). The optimal model parameters and percent errors are given for each experiment in Table 2. The distributed rate model was able to simulate the CFSTR data well. In several of the surfactant CFSTRs, the model underestimated the aqueous TCE concentrations at later times. This suggests that for some of the surfactant CFSTRs the amount of TCE flushed from the reactor may be greater than the amount predicted from the simulation. 

Two fenitrothion and one aminocarb tank mixes were studied, all containing Triton X-100 (p-tert-octylphenoxynonaethoxy-ethanol), a nonionic surfactant, and water. One fenitrothion tank mix also contained cyclosol, a petroleum distillate. The percent (vol.) composition of different ingredients present in the tank mixes, the streams sprayed with them and their discharge, and dates and rates of application are summarized in Table I. 

Belal et al. developed a fluorimetric method for the determination of nimodipine [7], The method involves reduction of nimodipine with Zn-HC1, and measuring the fluorescence at 425 nm after excitation at 360 nm. The addition of triton X-100 was found to enhance the fluorescence. The useful concentration range for the fluorescence measurement is from 0.1 to 5.0 pg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.06 pg/mL (1.62 x 10-7 M). The method was applied to the analysis of commercial tablets, and was further applied to spiked human urine. The percent recovery in the latter study was 107.1 2.54 (n = 4). 

Another application of ICP-MS in the area of food safety is the evaluation of food contact materials. Q [86] and TOF [87] mass spectrometers have been employed in the compositional analysis of paper and board material intended for food contact. Studies on the migration of metals from food contact plastics using food simulants and ICP-MS detection have also been reported. One of them showed how to analyze different simulants without the need of any time-consuming preparation, that is, aqueous acetic acid (3 percent w/v) directly, aqueous ethanol (15 percent v/v) after proper dilution, the olive oil simulant following emulsion preparation by means of tetralin and Triton X-100 [88]. 

The preparation of milk samples as slurries to be analyzed by ICP-AES was addressed by Carrion et al. [33]. The samples were emulsified with w-ethoxy nonylphenol and then diluted 10-fold with 1 percent HNO3. Aqueous solutions with the same amount of emulsifier and acid were used as calibration standards. In another work samples of milk and formulae were prepared as slurries and were then analyzed using aqueous standards [7], Dean et al. [34] used ICP-MS to determine Pb isotope ratios in milk powders just suspended in a diluted solution of Triton X-100. 

Determinations of Cu, Fe, and Zn have also been accomplished using FAAS [42-47]. For instance, Cu, Fe, and Zn have been determined by directly aspirating diluted milk containing an aqueous detergent (0.1 percent Meriten, 0.1 percent Saponin or 0.01 percent Triton X-100) [48, 49]. It has to be pointed out, however, that milk is a difficult matrix for direct analysis as a consequence of its high fat content and the presence of inorganic salts (especially of Ca, K, and P). 

The determination of Zn in human milk collected during the first days of lactation was carried out by simple dilution of the samples (1+99 v/v) with 0.1 percent Triton X 100 [19]. Normal values for Zn in colostrum and transitional milk varied from 45 to 318 pM and from 30 to 146 pM, respectively. The major factor influencing Zn concentration in human milk seems to be the stage of lactation. 

In Fig. 2, the weight ratio mx/m2 of hydrocarbon to water is plotted as a function of the concentration of surfactant in the continuous phase (in weight percent) when sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is employed as emulsifier. The above ratio is calculated for the point at which a small amount of hydrocarbon remains as a distinct phase. The ratio mjm2 depends upon the nature of the hydrocarbon employed and increases with the surfactant concentration, more rapidly at lower concentrations. A similar behavior was observed for a non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-100 (Fig. 3), but the values of mllm2 are smaller in this case than in Fig. 2. This happens because the electrostatic repulsion responsible for the stability of the concentrated emulsion containing SDS is stronger than the steric repulsion involved in the stability of the emulsion containing Triton X-100. 

For the determination of the efficacy of trapping DPP-CNDAC in the liposomes, an aliquot of the liposomal solution was solubilized by the addition of reduced Triton X-100, and the amount of DPP-CNDAC was optically determined at 280 nm after the pH of the solution had been adjusted to 1.0. As a result, the encapuslation percent was almost 100%. 

Figure 3. Membrane skeletal association of FPR. Neutrophils were solubilized with Triton X-100 and the extracts were spun over sucrose density gradients. The distribution of photoaffinity labeled FPR was analyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gels with a Phosphor Imager. Percent receptors that are coupled to the membrane skeleton are shown for responsive control cells (C), partially (PD) and fully (FD) desensitized neutrophils. In addition, values are shown for cells after solubilization in the presence of agents causing depolymerizaiton of actin filaments, like KCl, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid (pCMPS) or DNAse I. For experimental details see [44].

Triton is of special interest to scientists because of a number of unusual characteristics. In the first place, it is the only satellite in the solar system to revolve around its parent planet in a retrograde motion—that is, in a direction opposite to that of the planet s rotation. In addition, it is only one of three bodies in the solar system (Earth and Titan being the others) with an atmosphere consisting primarily of nitrogen gas. Triton s atmosphere is very thin, with a surface pressure of only 14 microbars, about 0.0014 percent that on Earth. Also, Triton is the coldest body ever measured in the solar system, with a surface temperature of 38 K (- 235" C). At that temperature, nitrogen is frozen, so that Triton s atmosphere consists primarily of thin clouds made of nitrogen ice and the surface is covered with a thin layer of nitrogen frost. 

The release of enzymes from mitochondria by treatment of the tissue was determined by pressing juice from a small piece of muscle and analyzing this juice for enzyme activity. The activity of a given enzyme was then expressed as a percent of the total activity of that enzyme existing in the supernatant fluid of a muscle homogenate prepared using phosphate buffer-Triton X-100 (6,8). Most of die experiments were carried out with white and red muscles of pigs and cattle. The activities of the different enzymes were determined as described by other authors... 

Addition of 2.5-percent Triton more rapid and more complete soil development. 

Catalyst B. A catalytic metal solution was prepared from 0.08 g Pd(OAc), 10 g acetone, and 1.S g water. A water-soluble polymer solutiori was prepared from 0.2 g poly(viny l alcohol) (125,000 mw, 88 mol percent hydrolyzed). 0.1 g Triton X-100 (25% aqueous 8olutiof, surfactant), 37.9 g water, and 0,073 g triefhylamine. The catalyst solution was slowly added to the polymer solution and 50 g water and 0.025 g magnesium sulfate were added. 

The Figure of Merit is determined by multiplying the counting efficiency of a sample preparation the percent sample load. For example, a 2.5 ml sample of tritiated water in 10 ml of scintillator-emulsifier solution is a 20% sample load (2.5 ml sample 12.5 ml total volume.) If this sample counts with 30% efficiency, then the Figure of Merit would be 500 (20% X 30%). Leiberman and Moghissi (Lieberman and Moghissi, 1970) observed that the most effective class of emulsifiers, based on a Figure of Merit function, were non-ionic alkylphenol ethoxylates. In this class, Triton N-101, a nonylphenol ethoxylate, worked best for the p-xylene solvent system. 

Pterin 500 juM + 1.2 mM NADPH Endosperm (without Triton xlOO) percent of controF 42... 

The members of the TRITON RW-Series are alkylamine ethoxy-lates made by the reaction of t-alkyl primary amines with ethylene oxide. The active ingredient content is 100 percent. 

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