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Triacyl glycerols

Lipids in the diet (Figure 15-6) are mainly triacyl-glycerol and are hydrolyzed to monoacylglycerols and fatty acids in the gut, then reesterified in the intestinal... [Pg.125]

Figure 4.15 Mass spectrum obtained by nanoESI MS of a model sample of cow fat milk and mass spectrum obtained by nanoESI MS/MS of the triacyl glycerol T44 0. Adapted from Mirabaud et al., 2007... [Pg.125]

R. Verger, Purification and Characterization of a Porcine Liver Microsomal Triacyl-glycerol Hydrolase , Biochemistry 1997, 36, 1861-1868. [Pg.63]

Fat synthesis The acetyl-CoA prodnced from amino acid catabolism is also a precursor for fatty acid and triacyl-glycerol synthesis, both in adipose tissne and liver (details of pathways are given in Chapter 11). Unfortnnately, the quantitative significance of this pathway is not known. It is likely to be variable and probably small in hnmans. [Pg.164]

Table 11.4 Content of some unsaturated fatty adds in triacyl-glycerol in muscle of a fish, a bird and a ruminant and in green... Table 11.4 Content of some unsaturated fatty adds in triacyl-glycerol in muscle of a fish, a bird and a ruminant and in green...
Complex lipids, such as neutral fats (triacyl-glycerols), phospholipids, and glycolipids, are synthesized via common reaction pathways. Most of the enzymes involved are associated with the membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. [Pg.170]

When the individual proportions of lipids in membranes are examined more closely (right part of the illustration), typical patterns for particular cells and tissues are also found. The illustration shows the diversity of the membrane lipids and their approximate quantitative composition. Phospholipids are predominant in membrane lipids in comparison with glycolipids and cholesterol. Triacyl-glycerols (neutral fats) are not found in membranes. [Pg.216]

Figure 5-4. Metabolic activities of major organs in the fed state. The relative activities of major metabolic pathways or processes in each of the organs are indicated by their font sizes. The exchange of nutrient materials and fuel molecules through the bloodstream illustrates the interrelationships of these organs. In the absorptive condition, all organs share the bounty of nutrients made available by digestion of food by the intestine. PPP, pentose phosphate pathway FA, fatty acids TAG, triacyl-glycerol. Figure 5-4. Metabolic activities of major organs in the fed state. The relative activities of major metabolic pathways or processes in each of the organs are indicated by their font sizes. The exchange of nutrient materials and fuel molecules through the bloodstream illustrates the interrelationships of these organs. In the absorptive condition, all organs share the bounty of nutrients made available by digestion of food by the intestine. PPP, pentose phosphate pathway FA, fatty acids TAG, triacyl-glycerol.
The action of lipoprotein lipase lining the blood vessels degrades the triacyl-glycerols, releasing fatty acids locally for cellular uptake. [Pg.105]

Lipases (triacyl glycerol acyl hydrolases, E.C 3.1.1.3) are a unique class of hydrolases for asymmetric synthesis86,87,S9,90e, They are available from fungi, bacteria and mammalians. The lipases most commonly used so far are the commercially supplied pig pancreas lipase (PPL)136, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL)89,137 and Candida cylindracea lipase (CCL). In most cases only the crude lipases, consisting of a mixture of proteins which may even be other hydrolases, are successfully applied1373. [Pg.634]

General physiological roles for fatty acids in cellular lipids are caloric storage, membrane fluidity, and prostaglandin precursors. The first of these mainly involved the formation and hydrolysis of triacyl glycerols, transport and activation of non-esterified fatty acids, and other steps leading to energy conversion (110). The second role primarily involves activation and incorporation into 1- and 2- positions of different phospholipids which form a major part of membranes. The third role is linked to the requirement for certain unsaturated fatty acids in the diets of most animals (110). [Pg.318]

Decreased uptake of fatty acids In fasting, lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissue is low. Consequently, circulating triacyl-glycerol of lipoproteins is not available for triacylglycerol synthesis in adipose tissue. [Pg.330]

When lipids are required by the body for energy, adipose cell hormone-sensitive lipase (activated by epinephrine, and inhibited by insulin) initiates degradation of stored triacyl glycerol. [Pg.485]

In the second part of this experiment you will characterize the purified lipids (triacylgiycerols) isolated from nutmeg. The fatty acids in the triacyl-glycerols are released by saponification and their identities determined by gas chromatography. Alternatively, students may be provided various fat and oil samples for analysis. For example, the fatty acid content of triacyl-... [Pg.308]

Reverse-phase liquid chromatography is now virtually the only method used in the analysis of the TG mixtures. The first paper on TG-HPLC analysis was published in 1975 by Pei et al. (81). Triglycerides were separated on a VYDAC reverse-phase (35 - 44 /xm) column and eluted with methanol-water (9 1). Since Pei et al. first applied RP-HPLC to the separation of triacyl-glycerols, a number of reverse-phase systems have been developed as rapid and efficient resolution of complex triacylglycerol mixtures can be achieved. [Pg.210]

Such solvent systems continued to be used even though the lack of solubility of triacyl-glycerols with carbon numbers greater than 46 in this mobile phase has been noted. The solvent gradients that would be required for optimum separations of complex triacylglycerol mixtures are not compatible with RI detection. Therefore, ultraviolet detectors have also been used, but the range of mobile phases is limited, since TGs absorb only in the far-UV range. [Pg.211]

The oxidative stability of an oil depends on the fatty acid (FA) composition and triacyl-glycerol (TAG) structure, as well as on non-TAG components, such as tocopherols, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, citric acid, free fatty acids, and sterols, which may either prevent or promote oxidation. Several investigations have reported correlations of FA composition, TAG structure, and oxidative stability (135-140). For example, the oxidative stability of purified TAG from soybean oil (SBO) in air in the dark at 60°C is correlated positively with a greater concentration of oleic acid (O) and lower concentrations of linoleic (L) and linolenic (Ln) acids of SBO TAG. [Pg.240]

Variability in hormonal response patterns does not stop at the level of second-messenger synthesis. Thus, cyclic AMP can activate the well-known cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, but the possibility of other cAMP-respon-sive enzymes or cAMP-activated regulatory proteins should not be ruled out. The protein kinase activated by cAMP can activate a number of other enzymes. For example, in the liver, phosphorylase kinase (see fig. 24.15) is activated and catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen. In adipocytes, triacyl-glycerol lipase is activated and catalyzes the breakdown of triacylglycerols. [Pg.583]

What does it mean to say that fats and oils are triacyl-glycerols ... [Pg.1067]


See other pages where Triacyl glycerols is mentioned: [Pg.1072]    [Pg.1072]    [Pg.819]    [Pg.845]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.211]    [Pg.302]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.152]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.244]    [Pg.821]    [Pg.907]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.225]    [Pg.240]    [Pg.322]    [Pg.327]    [Pg.378]    [Pg.485]    [Pg.496]    [Pg.1079]    [Pg.507]    [Pg.231]    [Pg.412]    [Pg.128]    [Pg.225]    [Pg.12]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.39 ]




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