Transforming Manufacturing

During the past three decades, manufacturing underwent many transformations. The primary process evolutions were total quality management (TQM), theory of constraints (TOC), Lean and the Toyota production system (TPS), and Six Sigma, ft will change even further as companies implement the new processes for digital manufacturing (covered in Chapter 6). 

While Six Sigma is a fine-tuning exercise that can be applied to any of the three, the principles of TQM, TOC, and TPS were different techniques that took companies down different paths, ft is convergent thinking that is still being rationalized today. Many companies are confused. 

In the building of market-driven value networks, each of these manufacturing concepts has a place. However, they need to be rationalized based on the rhythms and cycles of the value network against the business strategy. One size does not fit all. Here we start with the definition and then share a framework on how to apply the concepts. 

When 1 think of supply chain excellence, I think of my recent purchase of a Mini Cooper. I went on the Internet and I had more than 200 different options for the car. I designed it in two to three hours and in less than three weeks I had the car that was built in England delivered to my house in Newark, NJ. It was perfect. So that to me is supply chain excellence. Imagine. They had less than a week to produce a car to my design standards and then ship it. 

Ford hired Deming. In the period from 1979 to 1982, Ford was in trouble. In 1982, the company incurred 3 billion in losses. After applying Deming s philosophy, by 1986 Ford had become the most profitable American auto company. In a letter to Autoweek Magazine, 

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Note The above example is only for a general reference. The CDF of the transformer, for the short-time rating, should be increased writh the starting time and the number of starts per hour. Refer to the transformer manufacturer for a more appropriate selection. 

The value of C can be calculated if values of Cp and Cp are known, which can be obtained from the transformer manufacturer. 

The actual value may be much less than this when obtained from the transformer manufacturer... 

I have decided to use a current transformer to sense the primary current waveform, since resistive methods are impractical in the half-bridge topology. Several transformer manufacturers make current transformers for such a purpose wound on a toroidal core. Coilcraft makes current transformers with 50, 100, and 200 turns on their secondaries. The secondary voltage must be determined in order to have representative current waveforms of the level to work with the control IC. The voltage needed on the output of the current transformer is... 

Some major transformer manufacturers build standard off-the-shelf components used in the design of common-mode filter transformers such as Coilcraft (Cary, IL). These transformers have various inductance values, and current ratings and also provide the needed creepage dimensions. This can make the designer s job a lot easier. 

In power transformer manufacture the case of paper insulation and oil used in combination is well established. Both materials can be operated safely at the same maximum temperature (105°C) and this combination of use seems unlikely to be phased out in the near future. 

Povey, M.J.W. 2001. Ultrasound spectroscopy the power to transform manufacturing, diagnostics and formulation, Pharmaceutical Visions 1, 24-28. 

Occupational Exposure. Pancreatic cancer was increased in 1,939 males employed between 1947 and 1975 at a transformer manufacturing plant in Canada (Yassi et al. 1994). Only a very small number of transformers contained PCBs, and there was considerably more exposure to mineral oil refined predominantly from naphthenic base crudes. Therefore, unlike the typical studies of capacitor manufacturing workers who were mainly exposed to PCBs, the transformer plant workers in the Yassi et al. (1994) study were predominantly exposed to mineral oil not containing PCBs. Mortality from pancreatic cancer was statistically significantly increased. Based on 11 observed deaths, SMRs for... 

Wong O. 1995. Pancreatic cancer in workers at a transformer manufacturing plant. Am find Med 27(6) 905-910. 

Yassi A, Tate R, Fish D. 1994. Cancer mortality in workers employed at a transformer manufacturing plant. Am J Ind Med 25(3) 425-437. 

Canadian transformer manufacturing plant male workers employed for... 

Canadian transformer manufacturing piant maie workers empioyed for 1 month versus Canadian generai maie popuiation... 

In the scenario of transformable manufacturing structures, the focus will no longer be on the computer-directed factory without man of the 1980s but on the accomplishment of factory structures that employ of the latest technology. Human beings, with their unique power for associative and creative thinking, will then take a crucial part in guaranteeing the continuous adaptation of factory structures. 

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