Toxicology toxic reactions

Toxicology. Quinoline is a poison when it enters the body by any of the normal routes, i.e., ingestion, or subcutaneous or intraperitonea] injection. Even contact with the skin produces a moderate toxic reaction, and can result in severe irritation. There is evidence that quinoline is mutagenic, and long exposure can produce lung problems. 

The adverse drug reactions which the standard toxicological test procedures do not aspire to recognize most of the functional side-effects. Clinical experience indicates, however, that these are much more frequent than the toxic reactions due to morphological and biochemical lesions. .. (Gerhard Zbinden 1979)... 

Acute toxicological animal tests to determine the highest doses that two species of animals (including one nonrodent) can receive without risking overt toxic reactions and death and... 

New biomarker discovery from such studies can lead to early detection of deleterious effects. In a more recent study, researchers validated toxicological protein markers from an in vivo system (rat liver) as well as from an in vitro system (human HepG2 cell line) [86]. They reported a total of 11 protein markers with reactivity toward multiple toxic compounds and no reactivity toward nontoxic compounds. An important conclusion from this work is that cells in culture can be used as an in vitro toxicity testing system to assess hepatotoxicity. However, in the future, a much more extensive study may be required to identify a larger group of toxicology markers to detect more diverse types of toxic reactions. 

Toxicology Toxic by inhalation, sl. irritant avoid contact and inh. narcotic in high cones. target organ heart TSCA listed Environmental VOC Precaution Violent reaction with Al Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of F" and Cl"... 

Properties Colorless gas often bluish due to impurities m.w. 49.00 dens. 1.32 (liq.), 1.72 (solid) f.p. -132 C b.p. -60 C Toxicology Toxic by Inh. poison severe irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes Precaution Vigorous reaction with glass corrosive to quartz explosive reaction with alkenes oxygen difluoride incandescent... 

Toxicology Toxic harmful if ing., inh. or absorbed thru skin irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system sensitizer may cause allergic skin reaction cancer suspect agent mutagen TSCA listed... 

Detoxification (or detoxication) is of particular importance with respect to environmental toxicological chemistry. Reaction 3.53 shows the conversion of insecticidal paraoxon, a potent neurotoxin (see insecticidal organophosphates in Chapter 4, Section 4.11), to p-nitrophenol, which is only about 0.005 X as toxic. In some cases, microorganisms actually produce more toxic materials. This occurs... 

Health and safety information is available from the manufacturer of every adhesive sold in the United States. The toxicology of a particular adhesive is dependent upon its components, which mn the gamut of polymeric materials from natural products which often exhibit low toxicity to isocyanates which can cause severe allergic reactions. Toxicological information may be found in articles discussing the manufacture of the specific chemical compounds that comprise the adhesives. 

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