Toxicological investigation

Such yes/no decisions are of great importance in foodstuffs control and environmental analysis. They also play an important role in pharmacy in the form of content uniformity tests. Without suitable screening methods for rapid detection of positive samples it would scarcely be possible to carry out economic doping controls and toxicological investigations or to recognize medicament abuse. 

PLC for pharmacological and toxicological investigations. The separation of compound 8, compound 9, and compound 10 did not materialize completely. 

Some toxicological investigations of rifaximin were performed at the beginning of the 1980s and some additional studies have recently been completed. The old tests did not comply with good laboratory practice principles since they were carried out before 1986. However, overall, the experiments were sufficiently accurate to permit adequate assessment of the drug toxicity [59], particularly in view of its very limited oral absorption. 

Ugwoke MI, Agu RU, Jorissen M, Augustijns P, Sciot R, Verbeke N, Kinget R 2000 Toxicological investigations of the effects carboxymethylcellulose on ciliary beat frequency of human nasal epithelial cells in primary suspension culture and in vivo on rabbit nasal mucosa. Int J Pharm 205 43-51. 

Metabolites 4.203 and 4.205 were minor. Metabolite 4.204 was the main product in rats and dogs. Toxicological investigations revealed that, of the twelve hydrolysis products of thalidomide, only the three containing the intact phthalimido moiety show teratogenic activity, namely metabolites 4.202, 4.203, and 4.205) [132] [133],... 

Skog, E. A toxicological investigation of lower aliphatic aldehydes. I. Toxicity of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde as well as of acrolein and crotonaldehyde. Acta Pharmacol, 6 299-318, 1950. 

Tbrkelson TR, Sadek SE, Rowe VK Toxicologic investigations of l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 3 545-559, 1961... 

Lawrence WH, Malik M, Turner JE, et ah Toxicological investigation of some acute, short-term, and chronic effects of administering di-2 -ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and other phthalate esters. Environ Res 9 1-11, 1975... 

Draize J, et al Toxicological investigations of compounds proposed for use as insect repellents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 93 26-39, 1948... 

Ballantyne B In vitro genetic toxicology investigations with 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene. Tox SubsMech 17(2) 13 3-151, 1998... 

Bruch J, Rehn B, Song W, et al Toxicological investigations on silicon carbide. 2. In vitro cell tests and long term injection tests. BrJlndMed 50 807-813, 1993... 

Johnson EM, Christian MS, Hoberman AM, et al Developmental toxicology investigation of tellurium. Eundam Appl Toxicol 11(4) 691-702, 1988... 

Bauer S, Wolff I, Werner N, et al. 1992. Toxicological investigations in the semiconductor industry I. Studies on the acute oral toxicity of a complex mixture of waste products from the aluminium plasma etching process. Toxicology and Industrial Health 8 141-156. 

Mobay Corporation. 1966. Toxicological investigation of Mondur HX-Monsanto sample nrtmber 128. Hexamethylene diisocyanate. EPA/OTS doc 86-870001292. (microfiche)... 

Fluorinated sulfanyl compounds are of no commercial interest. Detailed toxicological investigations are rare. Table 21 lists a number of prescreening results. 

Thrupp, L. A. (1991) Sterilization of workers from pesticide exposure the causes and consequences of DBCP-induced damage in Costa Rica and beyond. Int. J. Health Sen ices, 4, 731-757 Torkelson, T.R., Sadek, S.E. Rowe, V.K. (1961) Toxicologic investigations of 1,2-dibromo-3 -... 

Toxicological investigations of tetrakishydroxymethylphosphonium salts [(HOCH2)4P+ X X = Cl, THPC X = (S04)0,5, THPS] and their derivatives, used for the flame-retardant treatment of cotton, have been carried out (cf. Table 9). It was concluded that the salts and their urea condensation products are harmful to animals on oral or dermal application. Moreover, at sublethal doses, the salts gave no evidence of carcinogenesis in rodents when applied by the dermal or gavage routes. The polymers produced from them did not exhibit any adverse reactions194. 

Toxicological investigations (white mice, i.p.) of compounds 96a 99a and 96b-99b indicated that there is no significant difference in acute toxicity between the silicon compounds and their corresponding carbon analogues (cf. Table 11). 

Lastly, a comment is warranted on the cut-off of 90% e.e. employed by Jacobsen and Finney. By today s standards, such a level of enantioselectivity is much too low considering that the FDA, for new processes to enantiomerically pure pharmaceutical intermediates, demands a separate toxicological investigation for every by-product above the level of 1%, even the undesired enantiomer, an e.e. value of 98% should represent the lower bound. A value of 99% would be preferable and good biocatalytic processes feature an enantiomeric excess of > 99.5%. While such performance levels should serve as standard, many homogeneous chiral catalysts show enantioselectivities of 90-95% e.e., so a cut-off of 90% serves as a bias towards such catalysts. 

Much toxicological investigation has occurred with respect to a series of pesticide chemicals known as Captan, Folpet, and Difolatan. The molecular structure of these pesticides is exceedingly similar to that of thalidomide. Thalidomide is the... 

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