Tissue cultures growth

In open fibers the fiber wall may be a permselective membrane, and uses include dialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, Dorman exchange (dialysis), osmotic pumping, pervaporation, gaseous separation, and stream filtration. Alternatively, the fiber wall may act as a catalytic reactor and immobilization of catalyst and enzyme in the wall entity may occur. Loaded fibers are used as sorbents, and in ion exchange and controlled release. Special uses of hoUow fibers include tissue-culture growth, heat exchangers, and others. 

Staba, E.J., and P. Laursen. 1966. Morning glory tissue cultures growth and examination for indole alkaloids. J. Pharmm. Sci. 55 1099-1101. 

It has been demonstrated that the distribution of vanadium species inside the cell can depend on the form in which the vanadium is administered, as was seen in fish where a different distribution of vanadium in red blood cells (RBCs) was found depending upon whether metavanadate or decavanadate was given. In contrast to this, a similar accumulation was found in plasma and cardiac cytosol. However, the ratio of vanadium in plasma to vanadium in RBCs increased over time with metavanadate administration and remained constant for decavanadate administration. When either of the vanadium compounds was used, most of the vanadium was first found in plasma before moving into the mitochondrial fraction [9,10], Although one can know with some certainty what vanadium compound is given to an animal or put into a tissue culture growth medium, it is difficult to always know the identity of the active form inside the cell. 

Lee, P.K, D.R Caiew, and J. Rosazza. 1972. Apocynum cannabinum tissue culture. Growth and chemical analysis. Uoydia 35(2) 150-156. 

As permselective barriers, synthetic membranes have been employed in a variety of applications, which include dialysis, mirofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, pervaporation, electrodialysis, and gas separation. Synthetic membranes also find special applications as permselective barriers for ion-spedfic electrodes, biosensors, controlled release, and tissue-culture growth. Some commercial polymer membranes are listed in Table 5.20. 

Historically, the development of animal cell culture systems has been dependent upon the development of new types of tissue culture media. Mouse L cells and HeLa cells were developed using a balanced salt solution supplemented with blood plasma, an embryonic tissue extract, and/or serum. In 1955 Eagle developed a nutritionally defined medium, containing all of the essential amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, carbohydrates, salts, and small amounts of dialyzed serum (Table 1). He demonstrated that this minimal essential medium (MEM) supported the long-term growth of mouse L and HeLa ceils. Eagle s MEM was so well defined that the omission of a single essential nutrient eventually resulted in the death of these animal cells in culture. 

By manipulating the genetic machinery of the cell, it is possible to cause most cellular systems to produce virtually any biochemical material. Unfortunately, the growth of cellular systems (particularly in tissue cultures) is constrained by end-product inhibition and repression hence, it is difficult to produce end products in high concentration. Furthermore, cells are always grown in aqueous solution, so biochemicals produced by cellular routes must have intrinsically high value in order for the cost of recovery from dilute aqueous solution to be minimized. Thus, most biochemicals of commercial interest... 

Initially, the cytotoxicity against chick embryo fibroblasts of BPA, tyrosine, tyrosine dipeptide, and the dipeptide derivatives used in the synthesis of the polymers shown in Fig. 7 were evaluated in a comparative experiment (43). The surface of standard tissue culture wells was coated with 5 mg of each test substance. Then the adhesion and proliferation of the fibroblasts was followed over a 7-day period. Among all test substances, BPA was clearly the most cytotoxic material. Monomeric tyrosine derivatives containing the ben-zyloxycarbonyl group were also cytotoxic, while tyrosine itself, tyrosine dipeptide, and most of the protected dipeptide derivatives did not noticeably interfere with cell growth and adhesion and were therefore classified on a preliminary basis as possibly "nontoxic."... 

Many vimses, both DNA and RNA containing, will cause cancer in animals. This so-called oncogenic achvity of a vims can be demonstrated by the observahon of tumour formahon in inoculated experimental animals and by the ability of the vims to transform normal tissue culture cells into cells with malignant characteristics. These transformed cells are easily recognizable as they exhibit such properties as rapid growth and frequent mitosis, or loss of normal cell contact inhibition, so that they pile up on top of each other instead of remaining in a well-organized layer. 

Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assays with tabacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15 473-497... 

TABLE VII. Effect of Catechln on the Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Lemna minor L. Growing In 24-well Tissue Culture Cluster Dishes... 

The term cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells in vitro, whereas tissue culture is a term used to describe the growth of not only isolated cells, but also isolated tissues or organs. Both these terms are often used to describe the growth of animal and human cells in culture. Advances in medical research have largely driven animal cell culture development. 

PVP is a metabolically inert, water-soluble polymer with excellent protein stabilizing properties. As an example of the beneficial effect of PVP on foreign protein accumulation in plant tissue culture, data for growth and IgO, antibody levels in transgenic... 

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has a well recognized role as a trophic and survival factor for nervous system cells in tissue culture [26]. However, its specific functions in the developing and mature nervous system have been difficult to define largely because its actions as a trophic... 

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