Chick embryo fibroblasts

Nagata, K., Saga, S. Yamada, K.M. (1986). A major collagen-binding protein of chick embryo fibroblasts is a novel heat shock protein. Journal of Cell Biology, 103, 223-9. 

Although the initially reported tissue compatibility tests for subcutaneous implants of poly(BPA-iminocarbonate) were encouraging (41,42), it is doubtful whether this polymer will pass more stringent biocompatibility tests. In correspondence with the properties of most synthetic phenols, BPA is a known irritant and most recent results indicate that BPA is cytotoxic toward chick embryo fibroblasts in vitro (43). Thus, initial results indicate that poly(BPA-iminocarbonate) is a polymer with highly promising material properties, whose ultimate applicability as a biomaterial is questionable due to the possible toxicity of its monomeric building blocks. 

Initially, the cytotoxicity against chick embryo fibroblasts of BPA, tyrosine, tyrosine dipeptide, and the dipeptide derivatives used in the synthesis of the polymers shown in Fig. 7 were evaluated in a comparative experiment (43). The surface of standard tissue culture wells was coated with 5 mg of each test substance. Then the adhesion and proliferation of the fibroblasts was followed over a 7-day period. Among all test substances, BPA was clearly the most cytotoxic material. Monomeric tyrosine derivatives containing the ben-zyloxycarbonyl group were also cytotoxic, while tyrosine itself, tyrosine dipeptide, and most of the protected dipeptide derivatives did not noticeably interfere with cell growth and adhesion and were therefore classified on a preliminary basis as possibly "nontoxic."... 

Vedel, M., Lawrence, F., Robert-Gero, M. and Lederer, E. (1978) The antifungal antibiotic sinefungin as a very active inhibitor of mefhyltransferases and of the transformation of chick embryo fibroblasts by Rous sarcoma virus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 85, 371-376. 

Compans RW, Dimmock NJ. An electron microscopic study of single-cycle infection of chick embryo fibroblasts by influenza virus. Virology 1969 39 499. 

Perdue JR Lubenskyi W, Kivity E, Sonder SA, Fenton JW, Protease mitogenic response of chick embryo fibroblasts and receptor binding/processing of human a-thrombin. J Biol Chem 1981 256 2767-2776. 

Since the work of Zamecnik and Stephenson in 1978, showing that a synthetic 13-mer complementary to the 3 - and 5 -terminal sequences of the Rous Sarcoma Virus 35S was able to inhibit virus production in infected chick embryo fibroblast cells [77][78], numerous studies have been done to demonstrate that in vivo oligonucleotides can bind to their complementary sequences in mRNAs or DNA and subsequently act on the cellular machinery. The purpose of this section is to present briefly the potential interest of the platinated oligonucleotides in the context of the antisense and antigene strategies (for a comprehensive view of the antisense and antigene strategies, see [79-83] and references herein). 

Sabin, A. B., Albrecht, P., Takeda, A. K., Ribeiro, E. M., and Veronesi, R. (1985), High effectiveness of aerosolized chick embryo fibroblast measles vaccine in seven-month-old and older infants, J. Infect. Dis., 152,1231-1237. 

Shiu, R. P. C and Pastan, 1. H. (1979). Properties and purification of a glucose-regulated protein from chick embryo fibroblasts, Biochim. Biophs. Acta 576, 141-150. 

WNV can be readily grown in a variety of mammalian cell lines, primary chick embryo fibroblast, primary duck fibroblasts, and Drosophila cells (Lindenback and Rice, 2001). In the wild, WNV is vectored by mosquitoes, and can infect... 

The L-3 strain was further attenuated in Zagreb, Croatia, by adaptation and passage in SPF chick embryo fibroblast cell cultures (mumps vaccine strain L-Zagreb). 

It is now almost exactly 50 years since I went as a postdoctoral fellow learn about cell culture in Harry Rubin s group in the Virus Laboratory at the University of California at Berkeley. The use of cell cultures had created the breakthroughs in quantitative animal virology, which led, inter alia, to the production of polio vaccines (albeit at the cost of the lives of hundreds of thousands of rhesus monkeys, whose kidney cells were used to produce the viruses for the vaccines). We worked on Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and chicken leucosis viruses in chick embryo fibroblast cell cultures. Rubin and Temin had developed an assay for RSV, based on the production of foci of virus-transformed fibroblasts, and Temin did the crucial experiments which showed that RSV, an RNA virus, made a DNA copy of itself, which was used to produce new virus particles. The enzyme involved was reverse transcriptase, and its discovery was one of the most important leaps forward in cell and molecular biology. 

Kajiyoshi, M. Incorporation of ethanol-amine into insulin-sensitive glycosylated phosphatidylinositol of chick embryo fibroblasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2000,... 

M21. Moses, A. C., Cohen, K. L., Johnsonbau, R., and Nissley, S. P., Contribution irf human somatomedin activity to the serum growth requirement of human sldn fibroblasts and chick embryo fibroblasts in culture. /. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 46,937-946 (1978). 

The synthetic tridecamer, which is complementary to 13 bases of the 3 - and 5 -reiterated terminal sequences of Rous sarcoma virus 35S RNA," was added to chick embryo fibroblast tissue cultures infected with Rous sarcoma virus. Inhibition of virus production resulted. This is because the synthetic oligomer hybridizes with the terminal reiterated sequences at the 3 -and 3 -ends of the 35S RNA and interferes with one or more steps involved in viral production and cell transformation. 

Abbreviations used in this review APL, acute promyelocytic leukaemia CEF, chick embryo fibroblasts CRABP, cellular retinoic acid-binding protein ODC, ornithine decarboxylase RA, retinoic acid RARE, retinoic acid responsive element RAR, retinoic acid receptor RXR, retinoid X receptor TEMPO, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Y-oxide TOC, tracheal organ culture TPA, 12-<2-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate TTNN, 6-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthyl)-2-naphthanoic acid TTNPB, 4-((.Q-2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2- naphthyl)propenyl)benzoic acid. 

Modulation of the Mi pyruvate kinase activity also occurs when chick embryo fibroblasts are transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. The pyruvate kinase shows a lower affinity for PEP. The oncoprotein from Rous sarcoma virus pp60 is able to phos-phorylate the Mi pyruvate kinase in vitro (Presek, Remacher Eigenbrodt, 1988). Phosphorylation occurs on a tyrosine residue. Three other glycolytic enzymes have been found to be phosphorylated on tyrosine residues when chick embryo fibroblasts are transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. They are enolase. 

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