Thumbnail sketch

This thumbnail sketch of where chemistry had got to by 1860 is offered here to indicate that chemists were mostly incurious about such matters as the nature and strength of the ehemieal bond or how quickly reactions happened all their efforts went into methods of synthesis and the tricky attempts to determine the numbers of different atoms in a newly synthesised compound. The standoff between organie and inorganie ehemistry did not help the development of the subjeet, although by the time of the Karlsruhe Conference in 1860, in Germany at least, the organic synthetic chemists ruled the roost. 

Here are thumbnail sketches of the companies with the largest global sales in 2006.35... 

Aging seems to be inevitably linked to an increase in the incidence of cancer. This uncontrolled growth of cells appears to be allowed by the stepwise accumulation of mutations that affect growth, differentiation, and survival.553 Several aspects of cancer are discussed in other chapters of this book (see Box 11-D). However, the topic is so complex and research so active that it is hard to give even a thumbnail sketch of more recent discoveries. 

A thumbnail sketch of steps to take in integrator troubleshooting... 

Rohm and Haas is committed to using Event Trees for each incident. A technical paper, More Bang for the Buck Getting the Most from Accident Investigations, provides a thumbnail sketch of their investigating process. [10]... 

So far, this chapter has presented various methods of analyzing rate data. It is just as important to know in which drcumstances to use each method as it is to know the mechanics of these methods. In this section we discuss a heuristic to plan experiments to generate the data necessary for reactor design. However, only a thumbnail sketch is presented for a mote thorough discussion the reader is referred to the books and articles by Box and Hunter. ... 

In any reaction system operating at steady state, there will always be upsets to the system—some large, some small—that may cause it to operate ineflfi-ciently, shut down, or perhaps explode. Examples of upsets that m occur are variations of the feed temperature, composition, and/or flow rate, the cooling jacket temperature, the reactor temperature, or some other variable. To correct for these upsets, a control system is usually added to make adjustments to the reaction system that will minimize or eliminate the effects of the upset. The material that follows gives at most a thumbnail sketch of how controllers help cause the reactor system to respond to unwanted upsets. 

While Beddoes was a student at Edinburgh, he wrote to his friend and near contemporary, the surgeon Charles Brandon Trye, giving him thumbnail sketches of the chemistry lectures. Black s course impressed him greatly it was the best I have... 

ExPASy Thumbnail sketches of metabolism and cellular biochemistry http //www.expasy.ch/chi-bin/search-biochem-index... 

A working knowledge of elementary calculus is presumed as is some acquaintance with elementary differential equations. Section 5.1 is a thumbnail sketch of some particularly important equations. A thorough course in thermodynamics is one of the staples of a chemical engineer s diet and should precede a course on reactors. Chapter 3 is therefore a bare outline of familiar thermochemistry in a notation conformable to the rest of the book. It is impossible to avoid duplications in notation and a list has been provided at the end of each chapter. 

I would like in the brief time allotted to me to give you a thumbnail sketch of the person we are honoring. It would be impossible to go into detail, particularly as I am only personally familiar with Dr. Seymour s achievements in the last 10 years. Therefore, I have taken the liberty to extract information from letters of nomination as well as seconding letters for the various regional and national awards Dr, Seymour has received along with his personal vitae. 

Thumbnail sketches of such plots are shown as parts of Figs. 4.5-1 through 4.5-3. 

Figures 4.5-1 through 4.5-3 show thumbnail sketches such as you might embed at the top of your spreadsheet, for three different amounts of added noise. In viewing these figures you should keep in mind that the added noise is somewhat artificial, because it only affects the volume axis, and not the pH axis. (If desired you can of course add noise to the pH data as well.) Nonetheless it indicates that the Gran plot past the equivalence point (i.e., for a strong base) is the most robust. Note that noise of magnitudes such as that shown for na= 0.03 is experimentally completely unnecessary and unacceptable, and is used here only to emphasize the point that the various data analysis methods have quite different sensitivities to noise. Not everything that looks good in theory works well in practice, and the spreadsheet is a good tool to find this out.

Change the value of the amplitude, and verify that the amplitude of the Fourier transform tracks that of the cosine wave. Note that the Fourier transform is not automatic you must invoke the macro before you will see the consequent change in columns D through F, and in the right thumbnail sketch. 

Now try B = 4. In the graph you might miss its transform, since the real point at f = 4 has the value 2, and therefore may require a change of vertical scale in the middle thumbnail sketch. 

No thumbnail sketch of the UK linker market s early days would be complete without a mention of the one-off innovation of an index-linked convertible gilt, nicknamed the Maggie Mays. The 2% Index-Linked 1999 was convertible into a nominal bond (10.25% 1999) at three future conversion dates. At a time when inflation remained volatile, and with the term to option expiry spanning a general election whose outcome was uncertain, seldom has so much optionality been sold so cheaply. The bonds were all (or almost all) converted. 

The gist of this thumbnail sketch is that a candlepower of I >2 million over the longest possible or practical burning time of 2-3 minutes is needed for many operations. Air-dropped parachute flares of this size exist as described below, as do smaller less powerful units (but designed for operation at lower altitude) in the form of ground-launched howitzer or mortar-fired illuminating shells. 

When engineers understand a problem, they develop ideas. Engineers often record their ideas as rough, freehand, thumbnail sketches as they discuss their ideas. 

A thumbnail sketch is usually small and simple and has just enough detail to convey a concept. 

Thumbnail Sketch A thumbnail sketch is usually small, simple, and with just enough detail to convey a concept. It is often used in brainstorming to record ideas quickly (see Figure 4-8a). 

Detailed Sketch This type of sketch is when a designer or an engineer wants to further develop a thumbnail sketch. A detailed sketch may be a pictorial or two-dimensional (2-D) sketch that includes dimensions, annotations, and symbols. The sketch may also include shading or shadows for effect (see Figure 4-8b). 

FIGURE 4-8 Three types of freehand technical sketches used by engineers and designers (a) thumbnail sketch (rough layout conveying ideas),... 

Freehand technical sketching Annotations Thumbnail sketch... 

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