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The Ostwald Process

Much of the ammonia made by the Haber Process is used directly in the manufacture of fertilisers, but large quantities are also converted to nitric acid which is used in the  [Pg.250]

The gases are then cooled and washed , to remove impurities, and absorbed in water to produce a yield which is 60 65% nitric acid. [Pg.250]

Extra air ensures that any nitrogen monoxide is converted to nitrogen dioxide and absorbed to eventually form nitric acid. [Pg.250]


H.20 The first stage in the production of nitric acid by the Ostwald process is the reaction of ammonia gas with oxygen gas, producing nitric oxide gas, NO, and liquid water. The nitric oxide further reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide gas, which, when dissolved in water, produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Write the three balanced equations that lead to the production of nitric acid. [Pg.89]

C15-0098. The first step in the Ostwald process for the synthesis of nitric acid is the combustion of ammonia ... [Pg.1125]

Ammonia is also the starting material for the production of nitric acid, and the first step is oxidation of ammonia by the Ostwald process. [Pg.484]

Nitric oxide (m.p. -163 °C, b.p. —152 °C) is an important compound primarily because it is a precursor of nitric acid that is prepared in the Ostwald process. [Pg.489]

In the early 1900s, it was discovered that ammonia could be oxidized in the presence of a platinum catalyst (the Ostwald process). [Pg.495]

One of the steps in the Ostwald process for the production of nitric acid involves the oxidation of ammonia. [Pg.374]

Transition metals and their compounds are used as catalysts. Catalysts you may already know are Iron In the Haber process (Industrial production of ammonia) platinum in the Ostwald process (Industrial production of nitric acid) and platinum, rhodium and palladium In catalytic converters. [Pg.26]

The Germans need to supplant Chilean saltpeter supply, which could be cut off by enemy blockades, led to the search for methods to synthesize nitrates. The reaction required a supply of ammonia, which was economically synthesized by Fritz Haber (1868—1934) before World War I (see Ammonia). Ammonia could then be converted to nitric acid through the Ostwald process and then nitric acid can be reacted with bases to produce nitrates (see Nitric Acid) KOH + HNO 4 - KNO. + HO... [Pg.230]

The Ostwald process of making HNOs involves the air oxidation of NH3 over a platinum catalyst. The first two steps in this process are... [Pg.182]

Determine the values of AH° and AS° for each stage of the Ostwald process for the production of nitric acid. Predict the conditions of pressure and temperature that favor the formation of the products in each case. [Pg.890]

PROBLEM 8.16 Use the information in Table 8.2 to calculate AH° (in kilojoules) for the reaction of ammonia with 02 to yield nitric oxide (NO) and H20(g)/ a steP m the Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid. [Pg.319]

NH3 + 5 02 > 4 NO + 6 H20 Pt and Rh First step in the Ostwald process for synthesis of nitric acid HN03 Manufacture of explosives, fertilizers, plastics, dyes, lacquers... [Pg.510]

It is worth looking for a catalyst because the negative value of AG° indicates that the reaction is spontaneous under standard-state conditions. (This reaction is the first step in the Ostwald process for production of nitric acid. In industry, the reaction is carried out using a platinum-rhodium catalyst.)... [Pg.743]

Molecular nitrogen (N2) is unreactive because of its strong N=N triple bond. Nitrogen exhibits all oxidation states between —3 and +5. Nitric acid is manufactured by the Ostwald process. [Pg.852]

The Ostwald process is the basis for the modem family of processes that make nitric acid by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia. Wilhelm Ostwald, a German physical chemist, discovered it in 1900. The process was used by Germany during World War I to make explosives after the Allied blockade cut off the regular German supply of nitrites from Chile and other places96. [Pg.216]

Some of the named processes that have been developed based on the Ostwald process are listed below1 ... [Pg.216]

In the Ostwald process ammonia is catalytically oxidized in a heterogeneous reaction. The key steps in the process are 1) Oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide (NO), 2) Oxidation of NO to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and 3) Absorption ofN02 in water to produce nitric acid. These steps are summarized in the following sections91,97. [Pg.217]

The major deposits of alkali nitrates found in Chile were vital for making nitric acid, which is necessary to prepare almost all types of explosives and propellants. Of course, nitric acid is now obtained by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia by the Ostwald process (see Chapter 12). [Pg.183]

The most important reaction of NH3 is its oxidation by the Ostwald process ... [Pg.282]

EnviNOx Two related processes for removing N20 and NOx from the tailgases from nitric acid manufacture by the Ostwald process. Both variants use two beds of two zeolite catalysts modified with iron. The first variant is for gases hotter than 425°C and involves injecting ammonia between the beds. The second variant, for gases cooler than 425°C, injects ammonia before the first bed and a volatile hydrocarbon between the beds. Developed by Uhde in association with Agrolinz Melamine International. The first variant was installed in Linz, Austria, in 2003. The second variant was installed in Egypt in 2007. The catalysts are supplied by Sud-Chemie. [Pg.127]

This reaction is used for the synthesis of nitric acid in the Ostwald process (see Section 7.8.1). Without catalysts, and at higher temperatures, ammonia bums in an oxygen atmosphere with a pale yellow flame forming the thermodynamically favorable products dinitrogen and water (AH = -1267kJmol ). At high pressures, mixtures of ammonia and oxygen are explosive. [Pg.3033]

What mass of NH3 must be used to produce 1.0 X 106 kg of HN03 by the Ostwald process, assuming 100% yield in each reaction and assuming the NO produced in the third stage is not recycled ... [Pg.82]


See other pages where The Ostwald Process is mentioned: [Pg.943]    [Pg.264]    [Pg.151]    [Pg.153]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.1077]    [Pg.1026]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.289]    [Pg.295]    [Pg.3053]    [Pg.3056]    [Pg.135]    [Pg.135]   


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