The Netherlands coast

The Dutch coastline was also threatened by North Sea flooding and the expansion of Lake Almere. Twelfth century storms destroyed some of the mud flats where Lake Almere drained into the sea. The resulting extensive growth turned it into a sea arm later named the Zuiderzee. 

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Koeman, J.H. and van Genderen, H. (1970). Tissue levels in animals and effects caused by chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, chlorinated biphenyls, and mercury in the marine environment along the Netherlands coast. FAO Technical Conference on Marine Pollution. Rome, December 1970. 

Numerous measurements of corrosion rates on sheet pilings carried out in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom also confirm that in most cases maximum corrosion occurs in the tidal zone (TZ). Figure 18 shows the example of a typical corrosion profile on sheet pilings along the Netherlands coast [56], The highest corrosion rates are always found at the mean tidal low water (MTLW) level or just below it. 

PBDEs are transported from water to aquatic organisms, which results in bioconcentration in aquatic organisms. No data on the bioconcentration of PBDEs in fish were located. However, due to abundance of monitoring data illustrating the accumulation of PBDEs in fish (see Section 6.4.4), bioconcentration of PBDEs is expected to occur. 6i a laboratory study of Baltic blue mussels, BCFs (from water absorption) were found to be 1,300,000 for BDE-47, 1,400,000 for BDE-99, and 1,300,000 for BDE-153 (Gustafsson et al. 1999). At several sites along the coast and in the Schelde estuary (the Netherlands), BCFs for blue mussels were determined (Booij et al. 2000). The maximum BCFs were log BCF of 9 for BDE-99 and BDE-100, and approximate log BCFs of 7.4 for BDE-28, 8.4 for BDE-47, and8.2 for BDE-153. 

Comparison of the level of POPs contamination in marine sediment of Hong Kong and other countries/regions was made based on best available data and the results are summarized in Table 7.6. Overall, the level of POPs measured in local marine surface sediment was comparable to those reported in most other locations around the world. For DDT, a POPs pesticides of regional interest, the level of mean local sediment contamination was found to be well within the range reported in the Pearl River Estuary (Li et al., 2001), the east coast estuaries of China (Yuan et al., 2001), the coast of Argentina (Menone et al., 2001), the Netherlands (Stronkhorst and Hattum, 2003) and Pakistan (Sanpera et al., 2003), and... 

The question then becomes How big is the sacrifice and what do you get in return Here in the Netherlands we live in the country and there is no industrial area nearby. Had this not been the case, we would certainly have moved. The north of the Netherlands and the islands off the Dutch coast seemed safest, but there are other (social) aspects to consider. Especially if you have a partner who has a job and a social life, he or she would be drawn along into your isolation in the event of a move to a rural area. 

Annual variation of Phaeocystis colony abundance did not at all resemble the variation in phytoplankton biomass [the chlorophyll-related Phytoplankton Colour index (PCI)] anywhere, certainly not in the bloom period, i.e. the spring (see Fig. 3). Year-month plots of true chlorophyll concentrations, derived from the Dutch monitoring programme, in CPR rectangle Ow (see Fig. lb) are presented in Fig. 4. Notice the gradually earlier chlorophyll spring bloom over the monitoring period at all stations (2, 10, 20 and 70 km off the coast of Noordwijk, The Netherlands). 

Elimination rate constants study for non-, mono-, and di-ortho CBs in rainbow trout showed that substitution pattern influenced the elimination kinetics for example, CB-126 was more slowly eliminated than di- and mono-ortho congeners of similar kow, supporting the conclusion that toxic CBs declined more slowly in biota than other congeners [140]. Non- and mono-ortho CBs have been determined in 16 species of fishes from Netherlands coast and inland waters [141], In all these species, potential toxicity (as represented TEQs) arise from CBs-126, CB-156, and CB-118 and the TEQs are at least four times higher than those derived from PCDD/Fs. Reports carrying congener-specific PCB data on various fish species from all around the world are available. 

Cadee, G. C. 1975. "Primary production off the Guyana Coast." Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 9 128-143. 

Netherlands Chamber of Commerce in United States (for the Pacific Coast States), Inc.,... 

In general the pollutants determined in this work in the industrialised areas of the country near the Atlantic coast can be as highly concentrated as in The Netherlands (1982/83 and 1986/87 Dutch campaigns with the same lichen).There are regions of the country mainly located in the interior which have very low concentrations as compared with the Dutch values. Therefore on the average the elemental contents in the Portuguese lichens are still low as compared with the Dutch ones. 

Zwolsman, J.J.G., 1994. Seasonal variability and biogeochemistry of phosphorus in the Scheldt estuary, southwest The Netherlands. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 39, 227-248. 

The organic solvents investigated were of commercially available quality (carbon tetrachloride, Uvasol, E. Merck AG, Darmstadt, West Germany methanol, analyzed reagent, J. T. Baker Chemicals B.V., Deventer, The Netherkmds). Drinking water was taken from the tap in our laboratory and seawater from the North Sea near the coast of The Netherlands. The aerosol was directly sampled on a FD emitter for 2 h on the roof of our laboratory on May 13, 1977. Samples of body fluids were taken from volunteers and analyzed without further treatment. 

G. Wiebenga, Durability of concrete stmctures along the North Sea coast of the Netherlands , in Performance of Concrete in Marine Environment, ASTM Special publication, SP-65, paper 24, 437, 1980. 

Gair HS (1964) Geology of the upper Rennick Glacier to the coast, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. In Adie RJ (ed) Antarctic geology. North-HoUand, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 188-198... 

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