The influence of emotion

Emotions are adaptive in the sense that they lead to arousal and increased and redirected attention and information seeking. The individual will interrupt the ongoing activity to prepare for flight or fight. When in an emotional state, the operator will focus his or her attention on information sources (cues) associated with the emotional state and disregard cues that are not associated with it. Increased cognitive activity towards possible ways of handling the situation takes place. There is a tendency to make fast and what may finally turn out to have been premature decisions. 

Emotions often have a dysfunctional effect on the activities to recover errors and disturbances  

They invoke tunnel vision , i.e. a reduction in attention capacity and a focus on central cnes and on tasks requiring attention. This reduces the operator s ability to observe and comprehend peripheral cues and information that challenge the prevailing understanding of the situation. The operator may continue with one course of action and overlook conflicting information, although the situation requires a reassessment and redirection of the activities. 

A decreased tolerance of ambiguity takes place and the operator triggers a response as soon as he or she has a minimum of information to get out of the unpleasant situation. Decisions and actions may thus take place based on a premature understanding of the situation and the dangerous situation may escalate rather than being put under control. 

People behave differently under extreme stress. Certain people will freeze and avoid actions through repression and denial. Others will experience increased vigilance, speed up performance and take a large number of erroneous actions. 

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THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONS ON THE PERSISTENCE OF CONSCIOUS PERCEPTUAL REPRESENTATIONS... 

Gorlov, I.P. Borodin, P.M. 1986. The influence of emotional stress on meiotic disturbances frequency in male mice. Genetica, 22, 1019—1024. 

Discuss the influence of emotion when characterizing toxicity and risk. 

Which ways of knowing do we use when assessing experimental limitations and theoretical assumptions Sense perception, reason and emotion are certainly all important here. Sometimes reason and emotion can conflict with one another. Classic examples of the influence of emotion are cold fusion and the recently reported faster than light neutrinos. It is an emotional response to rush to publish a scientific paper with a result that runs counter to a well-tested prevailing theory, whereas it would have been preferable to ensure that all variables had been accounted for, before making the results public. 

Persson, L.-O. and Sjoberg, L., 1978. The influence of emotions on information processing. University of Gothenburg, Psychology Reports, Vol. 8, No. 7, Gothenburg, Sweden. 

In addition to biological and environmental factors that influence the onset and course of drug-related problems, there also are many individual risk factors. These variables can include those related to a person s actions or behavior, those related to the way a person thinks, or those related to the experience of emotions. The next few sections will discuss in detail these personal variables that can be related to drug problems in some people. 

To understand whether cognitive function and mood disorders are cooperatively influenced by genetic factors in AD and to know the potential impact that conventional neuroprotection can exert on mood disorders, we studied the effect of the therapeutic CNLA protocol on anxiety in AD and the differential APOE- and ACE-related responses distinguishing the influence of monogenic and bigenic variants on emotional conditions. 

Outside of the hypothalamus, an abundant presence of CRF neurons is found in the neocortex, likely influencing cognitive appraisals and behavioral reactions to stress. High densities of CRF neurons are also found in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), which is the key structure in the mediation of emotion (LeDoux, 2000). These CRF neurons likely modulate affective stress responses. The CRF neurons originating from the CeA project directly and indirectly, via the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), to the hypothalamic PVN and influence endocrine responses to stress. Fur-... 

For Anxiety disorders the ICD-10 delineates special categories of emotional disorders in children in which symptoms of anxiety are considered in relation to age appropriateness, duration, and severity. The DSM-IV focuses on the specific syndrome without considering the influence of development on symptom expression. 

It is not useful to ask whether pain feels like reward that question refers intuitively to reward as a synonym of pleasure. The influence of reward has to be inferred from the experience that pain and negative emotions feel irresistible—or, better, very difficult to resist, a difficulty that measures the amount of reward that has to be bid against them and,... 

Amyl nitrite and other poppers can cause confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, and a slowed perception of time, even with only limited use. For these reasons driving, operating machinery, or any other work that requires being alert or responsive, is not recommended while under the influence of amyl nitrite. Amyl nitrite can also cause people to feel less inhibited, relaxed, and give them a sense of well-being and intensified emotions. This can impair judgment, especially when it comes to sexual behavior. 

The drug can produce profound distortions in the way a person perceives reality. People under the influence of 2C-B see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that are not real. It can also produce sudden and intense emotional swings. The drug works by disrupting the normal functions of the serotonin system. Serotonin is a substance widely distributed in nerve cells and acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain. 

When I ve had too many stimulants or exposures, it s definitely noticeable in my moods. Not only do I experience physical discomforts, but I often get irritable and that has a negative impact on my mood. Within our relationship we take that into account in order to avoid arguments, and at such times I avoid contact with others. If I don t do so it could incite stress hormones which hamper my recovery. Under the influence of chemical substances I can also be much more emotional, and I have a lot more sadness over the losses I ve suffered than I do when I feel well. Without the influence of these substances I don t have such mood swings and my nature is almost always bright and optimistic. 

From the influence of the autonomic nervous system it follows that all sympatholytic or sympathomimetic and parasympatholytic or parasympathomimetic drugs can produce corresponding effects on cardiac performance. These possibilities are exploited therapeutically for instance, p-blockers for suppressing excessive sympathetic drive (p. 96) ipratropium for treating sinus bradycardia (p. 108). An unwanted activation of the sympathetic system can result from anxiety, pain, and other emotional stress. In these cases, the heart can be protected from harmful stimulation by psychopharmaceuticals such as benzodiazepines (diazepam and others important in myocardial infarction). 

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