The architect

Simulation tools are available for sizing and analyzing plants. However, these tools do not replace the designer as the architect of the plant because selection of process and the sequenciag of units are the designers choices. The same is tme for heat-exchanger networks. Most of the commercial process simulator companies market computer modules that perform some of the tedious steps ia the process but none is able to remove the designer from the process. 

The C50 molecule contains 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons. This type of hexagonal-pentagonal structure closely resembles the geodesic domes developed by the architect and engineer R. Buckminster Fuller, after whom the molecule is named. In the Csn molecule each carbon atom is bonded to three... 

Full site meetings may be held monthly or weekly, depending on the pace of the job. The main contractor or the project leader, who could be the architect or engineer, will chair a typical site meeting, and matters for the agenda will include ... 

Interim payments on the contract follow a valuation of the work done. Valuations are normally carried out by the plant engineer, the quantity surveyor, the architect or the consulting engineer and, in the light of recent case law, should be assessed very carefully. 

Until 1974, an architect was considered in law to be a quasi-arbitrator, and his valuation was final. However, the case of Sutclijfe v. Thackrah (1974) saw an end to this role. In that case, the architect overvalued the work that had been carried out, and because the client ordered the contractor off the job, he suffered loss, because of which he successfully sued the architects for damages. Architects and engineers suddenly had a greater interest in professional indemnity insurance. 

An obvious solution would be to undervalue the work done, in order to avoid a claim from the client. The case of Lubenham Fidelities and Investment Co v. South Pembrokeshire District Council (1986) took care of any tendency to undervalue. In that case, the Court of Appeal ruled that the contractor might sue the architect in tort for any damages suffered by him because of the negligent valuation. 

The essence of a plant engineering contract will be that the plant actually performs to the criteria laid down in the design, and this must be established before a Practical Completion Certificate is even considered. Tests will need to be made to the plant, and then it will be commissioned by the contractor and left in a condition whereby it can be operated as specified. When the work within the contract is complete, a certificate should be issued by the client (or employer) to the contractor. The architect or consulting engineer acting as agent normally performs this duty. 

Figure 34.6 Cooling plant, including towers, installed as a separate unit on a supermarket satisfies the architect, town planners and the end-user...

If you re a sports fan, you ve almost certainly seen this structure before. It is that of a soccer ball with a carbon atom at each vertex. Smalley and his colleagues could have named this allotropic form of carbon "carbosoccer" or "soc-cerene," but they didn t. Instead they called it "buckminster fullerene" after the architect R. Buckminster Fuller, whose geodesic domes vaguely resembled truncated soccer balls. 

Service life versus legal risk The architect and builder can appreciate the limited... 

Properties Fire safety continues to be a major performance requirement. Creep and heat distortion are other important properties to be considered. A major deterrent for the architect and builder is lack of common knowledge about plastics physical properties. 

Performance data Rather than make available principally sales type of data, the architect should review realistic and understandable technical data. They should learn that the behavior of certain plastics provide for more cost-efficient products rather than just be contented with only past history on the materials of construction. 

The architect continues to look for products that can he multifunctional. As an example in roofing, the product could perform a part or all of the functions. The roof has to provide structural integrity, temperature and sound insulation, vapor and moisture control, weather resistance, elastic qualities for change in weather, fire protection, aesthetic appeal, and so on. 

In other words, the laboratory operator is still the key person at this stage and should be prepared to burn a considerable amount of midnight oil, even with the best professional assistance. He will be in constant contact with the architect or designer, and the project will sometimes be like a ball that is tossed back and forth. In this game, the building professional will have the... 

The first step in establishing the layout is to obtain or prepare an exact scale drawing of the laboratory area. For a building in the planning stages, the architect s drawing can be used. For an ex-... 

When the architect or designer presents the final drawings, the main layout and all details must be checked against earlier plans and instructions. All dimensions must be in agreement with those specified. Slight discrepancies in door and window locations, for instance, could have serious consequences. Any item which can be identified by catalog number, brand name, etc., should be so indicated on the drawings or in the written specifications. 

In conclusion, it may be said that the laboratory operator must be on deck at all times dining construction. No matter how good the architect, designer, or contractor may be, when construction begins, Murphy s Law will surely prevail Anything that can go wrong, will. 

Kieley, Robert S. "The architect in the alembic Chemistry, neoplatonism, and religion in 17th century English generation theory." PhD thesis, Northwestern Univ., 1996. 

Arriving for his first day at the old tobacco warehouse that housed Kettering s firm, Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company, Midgley recalled, I was trying to open the door that looked like the front door of the building, but which was locked. As I strained and pulled at it, a rather lanky individual called out to me, Hey, bud, the architects just stuck that door on to look right to fool people. You get in on the side. Follow me. ... 

Bucky balls (football molecules) were only discovered in 1985 and named fullerene after the architect Buckminster-Fuller. The Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1996 was awarded for this new carbon chemistry. Molecular tubes with this structure have particularly interesting properties. 

Two of the architects of modem thermodynamics were William Thompson (better known as Lord Kelvin) and his friend James Prescott Joule - a scientist of great vision, and a master of accurate thermodynamic measurement, as well as being something of an English eccentric. For example, while on a holiday in Switzerland in 1847, Thompson met Joule. Let Thompson describe what he saw ... 

The architect designed the ceiling using wood that would... 

When in 1976, commissioned by the architect Felix Noviakov, Kosmatschof designed four sculptures in white porcelain and brass for the Soviet embassy in Mauritania, he was not permitted to travel to the site for the assembly of the elements. He had to report... 

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