Textiles colouring

Yellow dyes are obtained only from plants and can generally be divided into two classes, i.e. flavonoids and others among which there are mainly carotenoids and diarylheptanoids. Most are water-soluble, and procedures for their extraction are similar to those recommended for red colourants. Although they were popular as textile colourants, analytical... 

ISO 105-X10 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Part XIO Assessment of migration of textile colours into polyvinyl chloride coatings ISO 264 1976 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fittings with plain sockets for pipes under pressure - Laying lengths - Metric series ISO 265-1 1988 Pipes and fittings of plastics materials - Fittings for domestic and industrial waste pipes - Basic dimensions Metric series - Part 1 Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U)... 

Fluorescent blue colours are less common and are usually in the bright turquoise shade area, with anthraquinones such as Cl Disperse Blue 60 or the newer methines such as Cl Disperse Blue 354 or indoanilines being the products of choice. Typical products from the ranges of DyStar and BASF (textile colours business is now part of DyStar) are given in Table 3.7. 

R. Levene, M. Lewin Some Aspects of the Fluorescent Whitening of Textiles , Colour. Annu. 1982-83, A44—A49. 

D. H. Wyles, Engineering in Textile Colouration., ed. C.Duckworth (Bradford Dyers Company Pub. Trust, 1983), Chapter 2. 

Calico Printers, and Textile Colour Chemists, London, Scott, Greenwood, 1901. 

Paterson, David, Textile Colour Mixing a Manual Intended for the Use of Dyers, Calico... 

Amino-8-naphthalene sulfonate 1-Aminonaphthaiene-8-sulfonic xid 8-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid 8-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid EINECS 201-437-1 Naphthylaminemonosulfonic acid S a-Naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 8-amino- 1-Naphthylamine-8-sulfonic xid NSC 7798 peri Acid. Used in the manufacture of dyestuffs as an azo dye intermediate. Soluble in H2O (20 mg/100 ml at 20 , 416 mg/100 ml at 100 ), freely soluble in AcOH, Kalpana Chemicals M/s. Textile Colour and Chemical (Exporfs). 

ISO 105-X10 1993 Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part XIO Assessment of migration of textile colours into polyvinyl chloride coatings... 

Urea-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formalde-hyde resin are used as glues in the wood industries to make furniture press plates. Despite a low constant release of formaldehyde from these plates into the indoor air, the health effect for individuals living or working in the room is way overestimated in our opinion. Construction workers are also exposed to formaldehyde resins in modern building materials. Textile finishes are another use for these formaldehyde resins, but this does not fit into our discussion in this chapter (Fowler et al. 1992). Even cosmetics may contain PTBP-FR as Angelini and others have shown previously (Angelini et al. 1993). Both resins are currently available from Chemotechnique, Sweden, urea-FR as a 10% petrolatum and melamine-FR as a 7% preparation in the textile colour and finishes series. 

Invemale MA, Ding Y, Sotzing GA. The effects of coloured base fabric on electrochromic textile. Colouration Technol 2011 127(3) 167—72. 

Colour Index, and its Additions and Amendments, 3rd ed.. Society of Dyers and Colourists, London, and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Durham, N.C. It now consists of seven volumes. The Colourindex was originally written by and for the textile industry, but pigments are receiving increasing attention. 

Classification by usage or appHcation is the principal system adopted by the Colour Index (5). Because the most important textile fibers are cotton (qv) and polyester, the most important dye types are those used for dyeing these two fibers, including polyester—cotton blends (see Fibers, polyester). 

Textiles—Tests for Colour Fastness, ISO 105, AATCC, Research Triangle Park, N.C., 1990. 

K2CO3 (from KOH and CO2), used chiefly in high-quality decorative glassware, in optical lenses, colour TV lubes and fluorescent lamps il is also used in china ware, textile dyes and pigments. 

The films are generally dark in colour and often show a fine network of cracks due to differential expansion of oxide and metal on warming to ambient temperature. They are generally left unsealed, since sealing markedly reduces abrasion resistance, but may be impregnated with silicone oils to improve the frictional properties. Applications include movable instrument parts, pump bodies and plungers, and textile bobbins. 

Identification of dyes on dyed textiles is traditionally carried out by destructive techniques [493], TLC is an outstanding technique for identification of extracted dyestuffs and examination of inks. Figure 4.9 shows HPTLC/SERRS analysis of acridine orange [492], Wright et al. [494] have described a simple and rapid TLC-videodensitometric method for in situ quantification of lower halogenated subsidiary colours (LHSC) in multiple dye samples. The results obtained by this method were compared with those obtained by an indirect TLC-spectrophotometric method and those from HPLC. The total time for the TLC-videodensitometric assay of five standards and four samples applied to each plate was less than 45 min. The method is applicable for use in routine batch-certification analysis. Loger et al. [495,496] have chromatographed 19 basic dyes for PAN fibres on alumina on thin-layer with ethanol-water (5 2) and another 11 dyes on silica gel G with pyridine-water... 

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