Textile fabrics knitted structure

Key words hbre, yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-wovens, design of experiment, hypothesis testing, analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, geometrical models, structural models, fibre migration, unit cell, knot invariants, textile mechanics, physical properties of textiles, homogenization, optimization. 

D knitted textiles have already been widely used as technical textiles in different fields. The future work should be on the development of new 3D knitted structures with more extra functions to meet the requirements of new application fields. For example, warp-knitted spacer fabrics have great structural variations. By using different structures and fibre materials, they have been developed to have various physical functions to be used in different fields, such as cushioning, sound absorption, smart textiles and thermal collection. New potential application fields should be identified first in the future, and then fabric stmctures can be designed to better match the specific applicatimis. 

Nonwovens are structures of textile materials, such as fibres, continuous filaments, or chopped yarns of any nature or origin, that have been formed into webs by any means, and bonded together by any means, excluding the interlacing of yams as in woven fabric, knitted fabric, laces, braided fabric or tufted fabric. 

Knitted structures are made of loops of yam interconnected with each other. The size of the loop can be altered to produce a fabric as per required characteristics. Some knitted stmctures offer robusmess and are suitable for many technical applications. Knitted stmctures are mainly classed as weft knitted or warp knitted. Weft-knitted fabrics are highly stretchable and hence are extremely useful for undergarment and sportswear production. Warp-knitted fabrics do not unravel as easily as weft-knitted stmctures, and have significant insulating properties. In piezoelectric harvesting textiles, knitted stmctures offer extensibility, which is advantageous for wearable piezoelectric textiles, allowing wearer comfort. 

Knapton, J. J. F., et al.. The Dimensional Properties of Knitted Wool Fabrics Part I The Plain-Knitted Structure. Textile Research Journal, 1968, 38(10), 999-1012. 

An alternative method of producing textile fabrics is the manufacture of knit fabrics (Chapter 5). As a result of the way the stitches are constructed, knitted structures are rather loose and voluminous. Characteristics for knit fabrics are a soft handle, high porosity, thermal isolation, and good drapeabiiity. 

Experimental proof for the above-described hypothesis was found by taking microscopic photographs of the textile structures in dry and wet conditions using a fluorescent solution. From these images, it could be seen that air bubbles were indeed trapped in the wet structures, but due to the more regular structure of the non-woven fabrics compared with woven and knitted fabrics, much less air was trapped. Confirmation for the dissolution of these bubbles is found by the absence of air when the textile electrodes were immersed for about 3 days in the fluorescent solution. 

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