Textile dyer

C. L. Bird, W. S. Boston, Theory of Colomtion of Textiles, Dyers Company Publication Trust, White Rose Press, London, 1975, pp. 90-91. 

Singh O P, Stain removal characteristics of fabrics and stain-resistance/release finishing , Textile Dyer Printer, 1987, 20(25), 24—27. 

The analysis of dyes and pigments for textile applications is really a very broad subject because it usually involves many different types of analyses and the use of many sophisticated instruments. It is difficult to provide a detailed coverage in a short section here. Therefore, only some basic and simple analyses are introduced. Readers who want to know more can access the books published elsewhere. - Analysis of colorants can also mean many different things. Identification of colorants on textile materials is an important aspect of forensic analysis and also very useful for textile dyers. Characterisation of colorants is critical for colour chemists to know what chemical structures the colorant has. Determination of dye classes has its practical significance in making up dyeing and printing recipes as well as in the analysis of historical textiles. 

Paul R, Ramesh K, Ram K (1995), Effluent treatment of textile wastewaters , Textile Dyer Printer, 28(24), 18-26. 

A review of current textile dying techniques found that, in most cases, manufacturers use the same dye constituents in differing ratios to impart different colors to their products. This practice facilitates computer-assisted production control. Most textile dyers use three dyes a yellow, a red, and a blue to produce the desired effect. Although there are numerous yellow, red, and blue dyes from which to choose, an individual textile manufacturer may use only a small selection to produce the myriad hues in his product line. Thus, the ability to determine dye-constituent ratios, as well as the actual dyes used in a coloring process, is virtually essential to definitively compare dyed fibers. 

Colorindex, 3rd ed.. The Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, U.K. and the American Associations of Textile Chemists and Colorists, N.C., Vols. 1-6,1971. 

E. Clayton, Identification of Dyes on Textile Fibres, 2nd ed.. Society of Dyers and Colorists, Bradford, UK, 1963. 

A. Johnson, ed.. The Theory of Coloration of Textiles, Society of Dyers and Colourists, UK, 1989. 

A. H. M. Renfrew, Reactive dyes for Textile Fibres the Chemistry of Activated n-bonds as Reactive Groups and Miscellaneous Topics, Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, 1999. 

Pigments are classified by an internationally recognised convention, published in the International Colour Index by the Society of Dyers and Colourists in Bradford, in association with the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The Index issues a generic name to chemically identical products (e.g., titanium dioxide is classified as C.I. Pigment White 6). Where structures are known, pigments are also given a constitution number (e.g., titanium dioxide has the constitution number Cl 77891).This number is reserved for the essential colorant, other ingredients, such as the carriers used in a masterbatch, do not affect this classification. 

Goncalves IMC, Gomes A, Bras R et al (2000) Biological treatment of effluent containing textile dyes. J Soc Dyers Colourists 116 393-397... 

Pierce J (1994) Color in textile effluents the origins of the problem. J Soc Dyers Color 110 131-134... 

Scbramm, W. Jantscbgi, J. Comparative assessment of textile dyeing technologies from a preventive environmental protection point of view. J. Soc. Dyers Colour 1999, 115, 130-135. Naylor, C.G. Environmental fate and safety of nonylphenol etboxylates. Text. Chem. Color. 1995,... 

Tsui, L.S. Roy, W.R. Cole M.A. Removal of dissolved textile dyes from wastewater by a compost sorbent. J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 2003, 119, 14-18. 

Provost, J.R. Effluent improvement by source reduction of chemicals used in textile printing. J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 1992, 108, 260-264. 

Pierce, J. Colour in textile effluents - the origins of the problem. J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 1994, 110, 131-133. 

---