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Tetracycline gastrointestinal effects

E. Paromomycin This drug is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used as a second-line luminal amebicide. It may also have some efficacy against cryptosporidiosis in the AIDS patient. Adverse gastrointestinal effects are common, and systemic absorption may lead to headaches, dizziness, rashes, and arthralgia. Tetracyclines (eg, doxycycline) are sometimes used with a luminal amebicide in mild intestinal disease. [Pg.463]

Adverse effects with the tetracyclines include gastrointestinal upset drug interactions with dairy products, antacids, and iron and phototoxicity. Minocycline can also cause vestibular complications (headache and dizziness) and skin discoloration that is not typical with tetracycline and doxycycline.16... [Pg.964]

Although their effectiveness is similar to the tetracyclines, the use of erythromycin and clindamycin is often limited due to their potential adverse outcomes. Erythromycin has treatment failure due to resistance and a high incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance, while clindamycin causes diarrhea and carries a risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis with long-term use.3,8... [Pg.964]

Adverse effects consist mainly of gastrointestinal intolerance such as nausea, epigastric pain and diarrhea and, especially in the elderly constipation with continued therapy. All ferrous salts may cause a black coloration of the faeces. Children are particularly susceptible to potentially lethal iron intoxications. Oral iron preparations should not be administered concurrently with tetracyclines as mutual interference with absorption will occur. [Pg.367]

Differences in clinical effectiveness are partly due to differences in absorption, distribution and excretion of the individual drugs. In general tetracyclines are absorbed irregularly from the gastrointestinal tract and part of the dose remains in the gut and is excreted in the faeces. However this part is able to modify the intestinal flora. Absorption of the more lipophilic tetracyclines, doxycycline and minocycline is higher and can reach 90-100%. The absorption is located in the upper small intestine and is better in the absence of food. Absorption is impaired by chelation with divalent cations. In blood 40-80% of tetracyclines is protein bound. Minocycline reaches very high concentrations in tears and saliva. Tetracyclines are excreted unchanged, in both the urine by passive filtration and in the feces. Tetracyclines are concentrated in the bile via an active... [Pg.410]

Several antibiotics have been used to treat intestinal protozoal infections. Erythromycin and tetracycline do not have a direct effect on the protozoa they act by altering intestinal bacterial flora and preventing secondary infection. Tetracycline also reduces the normal gastrointestinal bacterial flora on which the amebas depend for growth. [Pg.609]

Braybrooks, M.P., B.W. Barry, and E.T. Abbs. 1975. The effect of mucin on the bioavailability of tetracycline from the gastrointestinal tract in vivo, in vitro correlations. J Pharm Pharmacol 27 508. [Pg.32]

Balantidiasis Lower gastrointestinal tract Iodoquinol [tetracycline antibiotics are also effective] Metronidazole... [Pg.552]

Infections limited to soft tissue will require between 7 and 10 days of intravenous therapy followed by an additional 14 days of oral therapy (total duration 2-4 weeks). If MRSA is isolated, intravenous vancomycin must not be switched to oral vancomycin which has negligible absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Oral agents may be selected from rifampicin, tetracyclines, fusidic acid or trimethoprim depending on sensitivity data and a combination of two agents is recommended. Oral linezolid monotherapy is an effective alternative. [Pg.133]

Tetracyclines are recommended as first-line treatment. When tetracyclines are not tolerated or contraindicated, erythromycin is an alternative. However erythromycin has problems with resistance and gastrointestinal adverse effects. If compliance is a problem, either doxycycline or lymecycline may be prescribed (can be taken once daily with food). Minocycline is second-line treatment (e.g. if oral antibiotic has failed). [Pg.307]

CICLOSPORIN TETRACYCLINES -DOXYCYCLINE t levels of ciclosporin leading to risk of nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxic-ity and possible neurotoxicity such as hallucinations, convulsions and coma The mechanism is not known, but doxycydine is thought to t ciclosporin levels Concomitant use in transplant patients should be well monitored, with frequent ciclosporin levels. In non-transplant patients, renal function should be monitored closely and patients warned about potential side-effects such as back pain, flushing and gastrointestinal upset. The dose of ciclosporin should be 1 appropriately... [Pg.357]

Doxycycline and minocycline are more lipophilic tetracyclines. They are well absorbed after oral administration. Their half-lives are 16-18 hours. Their higher affinity for fatty tissues improves their effectiveness and changes their adverse effects profile. Local gastrointestinal irritation and disturbance of the intestinal bacterial flora occur less often than with the more hydrophilic drugs, which have to be given in higher oral doses for sufficient absorption. [Pg.1190]

Tetracycline (chlortetracycline) and oxytetracycline These tetracyclines are incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Plasma concentrations fall with half-lives of 6-12 hours. They are predominantly excreted by the kidney, extrarenal elimination amounting at most to 10-20%. They have a lower affinity for fat and membranes, which means that higher dosages to achieve therapeutic effectiveness. However, higher dosages can contribute to an increased risk of systemic toxic effects and, as absorption from oral administration is incomplete, also to an increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse reactions. [Pg.3333]

The gastrointestinal tract is a frequent site for adverse effects of antimicrobial drugs, primarily because of disruption of normal intestinal microbial populations and proliferation of enteropatho-gens. Diarrhea, often with accompanying signs of endotoxemia, is the usual clinical manifestation. Antimicrobial agents known to be, or implicated in being, associated with antimicrobial-induced diarrhea include penicillin, ceftiofur, lincomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin and the potentiated sulfonamides. Erythromycin can also promote diarrhea via its motilide activity. [Pg.116]

Adverse effects of tetracyclines include resistant bacteria, folliculitis, candidiasis, gastrointestinal upset, and phototoxic effects. Tetracyclines must not be combined with systemic retinoids because of the increased probability for development of intracranial hypertension. Tetracycline is used in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. It is the least expensive of the tetracyclines and therefore often prescribed for initial therapy. A common initial approach includes tetracycline 1 g daily (500 mg twice daily), 1 hour before meals after 1 or 2 months, when marked improvement of inflammatory lesions is observed, the dose may be decreased to 500 mg every day, for another 1 or 2 months. Drawbacks to the use of tetracycline include also a drug-food interaction with dairy prodncts. [Pg.1763]

Doxycycline is commonly used in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. It is more effective and produces less resistance than tetracycline. The initial dosage is usually 100 or 200 mg daily, followed after improvement by 50 mg/day as a maintenance dose it may be taken with food even thongh it is more effective when taken 30 minutes before meals. Subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline (20 mg) has been investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in the treatment of moderate facial acne. Positive ontcomes were achieved with no development of resistant organisms or change in normal skin flora. Adverse effects include resistant bacteria, folliculitis, candidiasis, gastrointestinal upset, and phototoxic effects such as photo-onycholysis. ... [Pg.1763]

Minocycline has better gastrointestinal absorption than tetracycline and may be less photosensitizing than either tetracycline or doxycycline. Side effects of minocycline include dizziness and hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucosa, serum-sickness-like reactions, and drug-induced lupus erythematosus. With all the tetracyclines, vaginal candidiasis is a common complication that is readily treated with local administration of antifungal drugs. [Pg.104]


See other pages where Tetracycline gastrointestinal effects is mentioned: [Pg.127]    [Pg.127]    [Pg.10]    [Pg.278]    [Pg.37]    [Pg.411]    [Pg.231]    [Pg.1130]    [Pg.621]    [Pg.280]    [Pg.319]    [Pg.321]    [Pg.546]    [Pg.388]    [Pg.3331]    [Pg.3332]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.915]    [Pg.406]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.346]    [Pg.348]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.245]    [Pg.187]    [Pg.621]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.393]    [Pg.531]    [Pg.396]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.606 ]




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